樊红科,杜志辉,吴岱彦,雷新乐.渭北高原不同施肥方案土壤效应及对再植苹果生长发育的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(1):56~61
渭北高原不同施肥方案土壤效应及对再植苹果生长发育的影响
Effects of application of fertilizer on soil and qrowth of the replanted apple in Weibei highland orchard
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.01.12
中文关键词:  苹果  连作障碍  施肥效应  磷肥  抗重茬肥
英文关键词:apple  replant problem  fertilization effect  P fertilizer  Saizhong-28
基金项目:陕西省科技攻关项目(2004k09-G2)； 国家“十五”科技攻关项目(2001BA804A28,2004BA516A10)
作者单位
樊红科 Department of Horticulture ，Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China 
杜志辉 College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China 
吴岱彦 Shaanxi Saizhong Biological Science and Technology Co.，Weinan, Shaanxi 714000 
雷新乐 Plant Protection Station of Weinan, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000, China 
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中文摘要:
      为了给通过施肥解决苹果连作障碍问题提供借鉴,于2006~2007年在西北农林科技大学白水苹果试验站,采用盆栽试验和大田试验,研究了施用磷肥和抗重茬肥对土壤养分、微生物、土壤酶以及幼树根系活力、株高、叶面积的效应。结果表明:施用500 g/株抗重茬肥可以提高土壤有效养分和土壤酶,改善土壤微生物群体结构,促进植株生长,与非连作幼树表现基本一致;施用250 g/株抗重茬肥5、00 g/株和1 000 g/株磷肥在减轻连作危害方面效果较好,处理后多数测定指标都相对高于连作幼树对照,但效应有限。综合考虑土壤效应和苹果生长因素,老果园再植以施用500 g/株用量的抗重茬肥可以部分解决苹果再植障碍问题。
英文摘要:
      With the purpose of resolving the problem of apple replant by means of fertilzing, an experiment was carried out in a pot and field at the Baishui Apple Station of Northwest A &F University in 2006~2007 to study the effects of P fertilizer, and Saizhong-28 on the soil nut rients, microorganisms, soil saplings, root activi-ty, plant height and leaf area of young trees. The results showed that the effects of Saizhong- 28 treatments (500 g per tree) were significant in improving soil nut rients, enzy me, ameliorating soil microbial population struct ure, and promoting plant growth, which was similar to that in the non- continuous cropping fields. Under the treat ment of Saizhong- 28(250 g per tree)plus P fertilizer (500 g per tree and 1000 g per tree), the function of reducing replanted hazards w ere comparatively increased ，and the most determined items w ere relatively higher than that of CK, but the effect w as limited. Taking soil effect and apple grow ing factors into account，the apple replant problem could be resolved partly by means of Saizhong-28 treatments(500 g per tree).
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