| Effects of water-nitrogen interaction on growth, yield and water-nitrogen use efficiency of watermelon in desilting soil |
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| 投稿时间：2024-04-25 修订日期：2024-06-04 |
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| Key Words: Sand soil, watermelon, water and nitrogen combination, water and nitrogen utilization efficiency |
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| Abstract: |
| With the repeated planting of "selenium sand melon" and disordered quarrying and sand pressing, the ecological environment is seriously damaged.In this study, the planting experiment was carried out in the land of sand compaction for the first time in more than 30 years, and the local watermelon variety "Jincheng No. 5" was used as the experimental material for the cultivation under film drip irrigation. Three irrigation levels were set: conventional irrigation (medium water W2, 3000 m3/hm2), conventional irrigation plus 20% (high water W3, 3600 m3/hm2), conventional irrigation minus 20% (low water W1, 2400 m3/hm2) and five nitrogen application levels: N0 (0 kg/hm2), N1 (80 kg/hm2), N2 (160 kg/hm2), N3 (240 kg/hm2), N4 (320 kg/hm2) were completely randomized, and a total of 15 treatments were used. The growth of watermelon plants increased at first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen rate. The optimal growth and watermelon quality of medium water (W2) and low water (W1) treatments were obtained when nitrogen rate was 160 kg/hm2. The best treatment with high water (W3) was at N3 (240 kg/hm2), and the promoting effect of irrigation on plant growth was W3>W2>W1 at the same nitrogen application rate. The effect on watermelon quality was W2>W3>W1. The maximum yield reached 64,299.67 kg/hm2, when the irrigation level was 3600 m3/hm2 and the nitrogen application was 240 kg/hm2. Dry matter accumulation increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application. Soil organic matter and urease activity increased with the increase of irrigation level. Soil total nitrogen content did not increase gradually with the increase of nitrogen application rate, but would increase gradually with the increase of irrigation level. Under the same irrigation level, the ammonium nitrogen content in soil under N1, N2, N3 and N4 application conditions increased by 11.90%, 16.87%, 24.58% and 46.39%, respectively, compared with N0. The increase of irrigation rate is beneficial to the increase of nitrogen partial productivity, but it will reduce the water use efficiency. When the nitrogen application rate increases from N0 to N4, the water use efficiency under W1 irrigation level is the highest. The average nitrogen transport rate of the three irrigation levels increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application. It was found that when the irrigation level was 3600 m3/hm2 and the nitrogen application rate was 240 kg/hm2, the growth, yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency of watermelon were the best. |
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