| The study conducted a comprehensive evaluation of drought and saline-alkali tolerance in 15 oat varieties during germination. It measured 10 indicators including root length, shoot length, total length, germination rate, germination potential, fresh weight, dry weight, germination index, vitality index, and root-to-shoot ratio. Methods such as principal component analysis, heatmap, and cluster analysis were utilized. The experiment used PEG-6000 to simulate drought stress, NaCl for salt stress, a mixture of alkalis (with a ratio of NaHCO3 to Na2CO3 of 9:1) for alkaline stress, with distilled water as the control. The results show that Zhangyou NO.9, Baiyan NO.20, and Weidouyou NO.5 exhibit strong drought resistance, while Guyan NO.1 and Guyan NO.3 are sensitive to drought. Jinyan NO.17, Diyan NO.1, Weidouyou NO.5, and Yinyan NO.1 demonstrate strong salt tolerance, whereas Guyan NO.3 displays poor salt tolerance. Guyan NO.2 shows strong alkali tolerance, while Guyan NO.1 is sensitive to alkali. The root length and total length during the germination stage of oats are suitable for assessing drought resistance; germination index and germination vigor are suitable for evaluating salt tolerance; germination index, germination rate, and germination vigor are appropriate for alkali tolerance assessment. |