| Effects of Row Spacing Configuration and Planting Density on Post-Anthesis Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield in Sorghum |
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| 投稿时间：2025-04-16 修订日期：2025-06-17 |
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| Key Words: Sorghum Row spacing configuration Planting density Characteristics of leaf sources Photosynthetic characteristics Grain yield |
| 作者 | 单位 | 邮编 | | 张明伟* | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | 137400 | | 高欣梅 | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | | | 福英 | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | | | 郭龙玉 | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | | | 王莹 | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | | | 王英杰 | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | | | 乌日力格 | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | | | 李乌日吉木斯 | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | | | 王靖宇 | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | | | 杨凤婷 | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | | | 李宝涵 | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | | | 艾佳鑫 | 兴安盟农牧科学研究所,乌兰浩特 13740 | |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the effects of row spacing configurations, planting densities, and their interactions on post-flowering photosynthetic characteristics and yield of sorghum, a split-plot design was conducted from 2023 to 2024. The main plots included three row spacing configurations: uniform spacing (60 cm, S1), wide-narrow rows (80 cm + 40 cm, S2), and wide-narrow rows (90 cm + 30 cm, S3), while subplots comprised three planting densities: 75,000 plants·ha-1 (D1), 105,000 plants·ha-1 (D2), and 135,000 plants·ha-1 (D3). Parameters analyzed included stem-leaf angles at different canopy positions, single-plant leaf area, leaf area index (LAI), leaf senescence rate, canopy photosynthetic potential, photosynthetic parameters (net photosynthetic rate Pn, transpiration rate Tr, intercellular CO? concentration Ci, stomatal conductance Gs), and yield components. Results showed that under the S2 configuration, D2 density significantly reduced mid-leaf stem-leaf angles by 3.68% and increased canopy photosynthetic potential and grain yield by 36.58% and 12.23%, respectively, compared to D1. Relative to D3, D2 decreased leaf senescence rate (14~49 days post-flowering) and flowering-stage Ci by 16.92% and 32.79%, while enhancing single-plant leaf area (0~49 days), Pn, Tr, Gs, 1,000-grain weight, and yield by 23.07%, 13.73%, 13.54%, 18.70%, 6.71%, and 4.91%, respectively. Under D2 density, the S2 configuration increased leaf area (0~49 days), canopy photosynthetic potential (28~35 days), 1,000-grain weight, and yield by 6.70%, 7.19%, 3.73%, and 5.85% compared to S1, while reducing leaf senescence rate by 10.46% versus S3. Mid-leaf stem-leaf angles, LAI (49 days), Pn, Tr, and Gs at flowering were elevated by 24.19%, 9.94%, 7.17%, 12.75%, and 18.40% over S1 and by 10.12%, 7.28%, 6.18%, 11.20%, and 12.07% over S3, respectively, with Ci decreasing by 6.35% and 5.25% compared to S1 and S3. Analysis of variance showed that row spacing configurations and planting densities significantly influenced the stem-leaf angles of lower leaves, single-plant leaf area, photosynthetic parameters, and yield-related traits. Their interaction exhibited significant positive regulatory effects on the stem-leaf angles of middle leaves, population photosynthetic potential, and 1000-grain weight. Yearly variations significantly affected yield, and the interactive effects of year with row spacing configurations or planting densities significantly impacted 1000-grain weight. However, the three-way interaction had no significant effect on yield and its components.In conclusion, the S2D2 combination enhanced the post-flowering leaf photosynthetic performance of sorghum, with yield increased by 3.18% to 16.19% compared with other combinations. Thus, it is recommended as an optimal strategy for dry farming areas in eastern Inner Mongolia and similar ecological regions. |
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