| Comprehensive Evaluation of Cold Hardiness in Pear Germplasm Resources Based on Physiological Responses and Branch Anatomical Characteristics |
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| 投稿时间：2026-01-10 修订日期：2026-06-01 |
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| Key Words: pear, cold hardiness , physiological indicators, anatomical structure |
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| Abstract: |
| To comprehensively evaluate the cold hardiness of pear germplasm resources and screen evaluation indices, one-year-old branches of different pear germplasms were used as materials in this study. The responses of seven physiological indices related to cell membrane stability, osmoregulation, and the antioxidant system to low-temperature stress were investigated, and 10 anatomical structure indices of branches (including cortex and xylem parameters) were compared and analyzed. A comprehensive evaluation system for pear cold hardiness was established, and key evaluation indices were determined using principal component analysis (PCA), correlation analysis, membership function combined with weight analysis, and cluster analysis. The results showed that the semi-lethal temperature (LT50) of the tested cultivars ranged from -31.06 ℃ to -28.26 ℃. Under low-temperature stress, the cold resistance coefficients (CRC) of soluble sugar (SS) in ‘Manyu’and‘Canyu’were 1.343 and 1.384, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in ‘Yuluxiang'' and‘Sucui No.1’(1.064~1.058). In contrast, the CRC of malondialdehyde (MDA) in‘Manyu’and‘Canyu’ was relatively low (1.233–1.284), significantly lower than that in ‘Yuluxiang'' and‘Sucui No.1’ (1.362~1.437). Principal component analysis indicates that soluble sugar content and cortex-xylem parameters can effectively classify ‘Canyu’, ‘Manyu’, ‘Yuluxiang’, and ‘Sucui No.1’ into two distinct categories.Correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between the comprehensive evaluation D-value and eight indicators, including four negatively correlated indicators: REC, MDA, cortex thickness (CT), and cortex ratio (CR); and four positively correlated indicators: SS, xylem ratio (XR), xylem thickness (XT), and X/C. These indicators can serve as physiological and morphological markers for pear cold resistance assessment. Cluster analysis of D values classified the tested varieties into three groups: highly cold-tolerant, moderately cold-tolerant, and low-temperature-sensitive. Among them,‘Manyu’ exhibited the highest D value. |
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