| Effects of Whole Field Soil-Plastic Mulching on Winter wheat Water Consumption Characteristics, Growth and Yield in Semi-arid Area of central Gansu |
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| 投稿时间：2023-11-14 修订日期：2024-03-19 |
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| Key Words: whole field soil-plastic mulching, drilling beside plastic film, water consumption characteristics, dry land, growth and development, yield |
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| Abstract: |
| The whole soil plastic mulching and bunch seeded(FM) and furrow sowing on side of film mulch(FS) are the main planting methods of wheat in Longzhong area, but the water consumption characteristics are not clear. In order to study the effect of different planting methods on winter wheat water consumption characteristics, growth and yield.We set there treatments:whole soil plastic mulching and bunch seeded(FM), furrow sowing on side of film mulch(FS) and bare soil and strip sowing(CK). The results showed that mulching can significantly improve the growth of winter wheat and increase the yield by adjusting temperature and water. Compared with CK, soil average temperature at 0~20 cm soil layer of FM and FS increased by 3.1 and 2.1℃ during the sowing stage-jointing stage, and decreased by 0.6 and 1.0℃ for FM and FS in the filling stage, respectively. Mulching can increase the soil water content of 0~200 cm in each growth period of winter wheat, among them, the increase of seedling stage, regreening stage, jointing stage and filling stage was more than 20 %, and the more drier, the more increasing. The water consumption of FM was 29.2 % higher than that of CK after resume growth, 42.4 % lower before resume growth, and the difference was significant. The water consumption of FS was 12.6 % higher than that of CK after resume growth, 25.7 % lower before resume growth. Under the effect of increasing the soil temperature in the early growth stage, the soil water content in the dry stage, and the water consumption after resume growth, the number of basic seedlings and tillers of PM and FS were significantly higher than that of CK.The number of ears per hectare, number of ears, thousand-grain weight and yield are all shown as follows: FM>FS>CK, the difference is significant. The yield of FM and FS is 74.7 % and 45.4 % higher than that of CK; The difference in water consumption among treatments is not significant, therefore, water use efficiency FM is the largest, 67.3 % higher than CK, FS is the second, 46.1 % higher than CK, CK is the smallest, and the difference reaches a significant level. It can be seen that for winter wheat production in high altitude and cold regions, plastic film mulching can regulate soil water temperature, improve the matching degree of winter wheat water consumption and soil water supply, and retain more water for use after regreening in the stage which less water demand, so as to improve the growth and development of winter wheat and spike formation, and significantly increase winter wheat yield and water use efficiency. The adjustment effect of whole soil plastic mulching and bunch seeded (FM) is better than that of furrow sowing on side of film mulch(FS). The whole soil plastic mulching and bunch seeded(FM ) is a suitable planting method for plastic film wheat in alpine and arid areas. |
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