连续4年施用农业废弃物组合肥制种玉米田理化性质及酶活性和重金属变化特征
The Change Characteristics of Physicochemical Properties Enzyme Activities and Heavy Metals in Hefei seed Production Maize Field After Applying Agricultural Waste for 4 Consecutive Years
投稿时间：2021-07-28  修订日期：2022-09-02
DOI：
中文关键词:  农业废弃物组合肥  理化性质  酶活性  重金属
英文关键词:Agricultural waste group Hefei  Physical and chemical properties  Enzyme activity  Heavy metal
基金项目:
作者单位邮编
闫治斌* 甘肃省敦煌种业集团股份有限公司研究院 735000
摘要点击次数: 238
全文下载次数: 29
中文摘要:
      为了解决甘肃省河西内陆灌区制种玉米田长期施用化肥土壤质量下降的问题。 在甘肃省张掖市甘州区甘浚镇巴吉村连续4年进行了施用农业废弃物组合肥制种玉米田理化性质及酶活性和重金属变化特征的研究。 结果表明：农业废弃物组合肥施用量比例为作物秸秆18.00t?hm-2：畜禽粪便肥36.00t?hm-2：废渣15.00t?hm-2。施用农业废弃物组合肥4年与不施肥比较,制种玉米田容重和pH值降低6.77%和6.20%；总孔隙度、水稳性团聚体、总持水量、EC值、可溶性盐和CEC增加6.63%、18.95%、6.62%、5.23%、5.36%和36.10%；有机质、有机碳、有机碳密度、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量增加23.72%、24.10%、15.48%、28.44%、49.92%和27.97%；细菌、放线菌、蔗糖酶、 脲酶、磷酸酶和多酚氧化酶活性增加38.20%、86.60%、63.46%、38.89%、61.48%和58.82%；Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb和Zn含量增加21.74%、30.00%、24.49%、27.55%和31.81%。农业废弃物组合肥施用年限与制种玉米田容重和pH值之间呈显著的负相关关系，与总孔隙度、水稳性团聚体、CEC、EC值、可溶性盐、总持水量、有机质、有机碳密度、速效氮磷钾含量、微生物数量、酶活性、重金属含量之间呈显著的正相关关系。 虽然连续4年施用农业废弃物组合肥重金属含量比不施肥高，但重金属含量小于土壤污染临界值，说明研究区域农业废弃物组合肥重金属含量较低，不会对作物造成风险。
英文摘要:
      In order to solve the problem of soil quality decline after long-term application of chemical fertilizer in seed maize field in inland irrigation area of Hexi province, Gansu Province. In baji Village, Ganjun town, Ganzhou District, Zhangye City, Gansu Province, the physicochemical properties, enzyme activities and heavy metal changes of hefei seedings maize field using agricultural wastes were studied for four consecutive years. The results showed that the hefei application ratio of agricultural waste group was 18.00t?hm-2 for crop straw, 36.00t?hm-2 for livestock manure, and 15.00t?hm-2 for waste residue. In the group of applying agricultural waste, the bulk density and pH value of seed maize decreased by 6.77% and 6.20% respectively after 4 years compared with that without fertilization. Total porosity, water-stable aggregates, total water holding capacity, EC value, soluble salt and CEC increased by 6.63%, 18.95%, 6.62%, 5.23%, 5.36% and 36.10%; The contents of organic matter, organic carbon, organic carbon density, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 23.72%, 24.10%, 15.48%, 28.44%, 49.92% and 27.97%; The activities of bacteria, actinomycetes, sucrase, urease, phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase increased by 38.20%, 86.60%, 63.46%, 38.89%, 61.48% and 58.82%; The contents of Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn increased by 21.74%, 30.00%, 24.49%, 27.55% and 31.81%. Agricultural waste group hefei use fixed number of year with seed corn field density and pH value were significantly negative correlation relationship between, and the aggregate total porosity, water stability, the soluble salt, CEC, EC value, the total water holding capacity, organic matter, organic carbon density, available NPK content, microorganism quantity, enzyme activity, were significantly positive correlation between heavy metal content. Although the heavy metal content in Hefei of agricultural waste group was higher than that without fertilization for four consecutive years, the heavy metal content in Hefei of agricultural waste group was less than the critical value of soil pollution, indicating that the heavy metal content in Hefei of agricultural waste group in the study area was low and did not cause risks to crops.
查看全文  查看/发表评论  下载PDF阅读器