| 王圣瑞,马文奇,徐文华,黎青慧,张福锁.陕西省小麦施肥现状与评价研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2003,(1):31~37 |
| 陕西省小麦施肥现状与评价研究 |
| Evaluation and present situation of fertilization for wheat in Shaanxi Province |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2003.01.07 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 施肥现状 存在问题 陕西省 |
| 英文关键词:wheat fertilizing present situation problem Shaanxi Province |
| 基金项目:十五"国家科技攻关计划课题"氮肥污染控制技术研究"资助(2002BA516A) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用1986～2000年陕西省农户信息监测资料,分析了冬小麦田养分来源、化肥养分投入量以及化肥的增产作用,得出施肥现状,并利用施肥量优化结果对施肥现状进行了评价。结果表明,化肥养分投入量总体上为增加趋势,1991年前增加较快,1991后增加较慢。其中氮肥投入量在1991年前为增加趋势,而在1991年后基本保持稳定;磷肥则总体上逐年增加,钾肥投入量少,基本没有大的变化。施肥中存在的主要问题是:(1)有机肥用量与提供的养分比例在下降;(2)不同生态区间、不同地块间化肥投入的不平衡严重;(3)不合理施肥地块比例较高,农民施肥已成习惯。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The source, the amount and the yield increasing effects of fertilizer in wheat fields were studied by using the investigation data of Shaanxi Province from 1986 to 2000. The present situation of fertilization for wheat has been r evealed and evaluated by using the optimal fertilizing schemes. It has been show n that the rate of chemical fertilizer tended to increase, and the increasing r ate was higher before 1991 than after 1991, the rate of nitrogen fertilizer tended to increase before 1991, but kept relatively stable after 1991; the rate of phosphors fertilizer was increased continously; and the rate of potassium f ertilizer was low and stable. The following problems of wheat fertilizing are fa ced in Shaanxi province: (1) the rate of organic manure and the ratio of nutrition sup plied by it are decreasing as a whole; (2) the input of chemical fertilizer is unbalanced badly among different regions and d ifferent plots; (3) much of the fields are not fertilized rationally, and the fa rmers usualy use fertilizer with conventional experience. |
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