| 徐胜利,陈小青,陈青云.荒漠绿洲香梨园覆草节水效应研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2004,(1):97~101 |
| 荒漠绿洲香梨园覆草节水效应研究 |
| Effect of straw mulching on water┐saving of pear in desert oasis field |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2004.01.22 |
| 中文关键词: 覆草节水 产量 品质 香梨 土壤养分 经济效益 |
| 英文关键词:straw mulching water-saving yield quality pear soil nutrient economic benefit |
| 基金项目:教育部科学技术研究重点项目(2001-DF02183) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 南疆荒漠绿洲光热资源充足,但水资源短缺,严重制约了农业的发展。连续5a香梨园覆草节水试验结果表明:覆草能显著提高香梨产量和品质,5a间增产幅度为15.2%～65.3%;节水幅度达到28.8%～36.1%;土壤有机质含量增加25.6%～70.5%,速效氮、速效钾和速效磷的含量分别增加39.1～76.4mg/kg、4.5～18.0mg/kg、29.8～76.9mg/kg;0～30cm土层10.0mm直径总根数增加幅度达到55%～122.1%。经济效益分析表明:以覆草15cm厚度比较适宜,5a年均增产7514.3kg/hm2,年均收益达到12117.15元/hm2,节水效益达到508.55元/hm2,产投比为4.39。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The light and heat resource, is rather abundant in the oasis area of South Xinjiang but lack of water resource severely restricts the development of agriculture. five-year experiment was carried out to study the effect of strew mulching on water-saving of "Xiangli" pear (Pyrus. sinkiangensis. Yu) grown on oasis soil. The results indicated that all the treatments of straw mulching with different covering thickness (20 cm; 15 cm; 10 cm; 5 cm) were beneficial for improving the yield and quality of pear. In the 5 years, the average increment of yield was 15.2%65.3%; the water-saving efficiency was 28.8%36.1%; the content of organic matter in the soil was increased by 25.6%70.5%, and that of available N, P and K was increased by 39.176.4 mg/kg, 4.518.0 mg/kg and 29.876.9 mg/kg respectively. In the meantime, the number of roots with the diameter of more than 10 mm in 030 cm topsoil was raised by 55%122.1%. Considering the economic value, the suitable covering thickness was 15 cm, with which the average yield, the water-saving efficiency and the net income were increased by 7514.3 kg/hm\2, 508.55 yuan/hm\2 and 12 117.15 yuan/hm\2 respectively, and the ratio was 4.39. |
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