| 朱德兰,王文娥,楚杰.黄土高原丘陵区红富士苹果水肥耦合效应研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2004,(1):152~155 |
| 黄土高原丘陵区红富士苹果水肥耦合效应研究 |
| Study on the coupling effect of water and fertilizer on apple in hilly area of Loess Plateau |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2004.01.34 |
| 中文关键词: 水肥耦合 水分利用效率 产量 净效益 |
| 英文关键词:coupling effect of water and fertilizer yield WUE net income |
| 基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX1-06-02-03) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 56 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对黄土高原丘陵区的水资源状况和施肥现状,以农民能够承受的施肥、灌水标准为基础,进行了水肥耦合试验.以肥料配比(A)、施肥纯量基准(B)、灌水量(C)、灌水时间(D)作为试验因子,利用4因素3水平进行正交试验设计,经过2 a试验,分析不同水肥组合对产量、水分利用效率、净效益的影响。结果表明,四个因素对产量和水分利用效率的重要性顺序是:施肥量(B)-灌水时间(D)-肥料配比(A)-灌水量(C);对净增值率的重要性顺序是:肥料配比(A)-施肥量(B)-灌水时间(D)-灌水量(C)。最优的处理组合均为:A1B3C2D1。即N∶P∶K=1∶1∶2,施肥量基准0.6 kg, 灌水时间为冬灌+花前期+幼果期+膨大期,灌水定额为82.5 m3/hm2。同时说明果树对肥的需求比对水的需求更为迫切，且果园土壤中钾肥最为缺乏。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on the water resource and fertilizer application situation in the hilly areas of Loess Plateau, an experiment was conducted on investigate the coupling effect of water and fertilizer on apple with the trial fctors of fertilizer, proportion (A) fertilizer application rate (B), irrigation amount (C) and irrigation period (D). The effects of water and fertilizer on yield, water use efficiency and increase rate of net income were analyzed. The results showed that the importance sequence of the four factors on yield and WUE was: fertilizer application rate (B), irrigation period (D), fertilizer proportion (A) and irrigation amount (C). The importance sequence on increase rate of net income was: fertilizer proportion (A), fertilizer application rate (B), irrigation period (D) and irrigation amount (C). The optimum measure was A1B3C2D1, namely, N∶P∶K=1∶1∶2, fertilizer application per tree being 0.6 kg, irrigation period being wintering + pre-blooming + early fruit-setting + inflating stage, and irrigation quota being 82.5 m3/hm2. Fertilizer was more important to apple trees than water, and K was the most deficient element in the soil of apple orchard. |
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