| 郭江勇,李耀辉,林纾.甘肃黄土高原气温稳定通过10℃初日对苹果生育期的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2007,(1):162~166 |
| 甘肃黄土高原气温稳定通过10℃初日对苹果生育期的影响 |
| Influence of beginning date of 10℃ temperature on apple growth period on Loess Plateau of Gansu |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2007.01.34 |
| 中文关键词: 甘肃黄土高原 10℃气温日期 分布特征 苹果生育期 |
| 英文关键词:Loess Plateau of Gansu 10℃ temperatures date distributed characteristic apple growth period |
| 基金项目:科技部科研院所社会公益研究专项“西北农作物对气候变化的响应及其评价方法”(2005DIB3J100)； 国家自然科技基金(40205014) |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 328 |
| 全文下载次数: 326 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 用1971~2004年甘肃黄土高原39个气象站的气温稳定通过10℃初日和西峰农业气象试验站的苹果生育期资料,分析了其气候特征及对苹果生育期的影响。结果表明,甘肃黄土高原日平均气温稳定通过10℃初日有3个偏早区,分别位于北道、兰州、泾川,有3个偏迟区,分别位于华家岭、东乡、岷县附近;最早的是北道,为4月14日,最迟的是华家岭,为6月5日;其空间分布特征是定西、临夏偏迟,天水、平凉、庆阳早,西北部的白银也较早;总的趋势是日平均气温稳定通过10℃初日越来越早,特别是90年代以来,早的趋势更加明显;70年代大部分地区偏迟,80年代北部偏早,南部偏迟,90年代定西、临夏偏迟,其余偏早。西峰气温稳定通过10℃初日早的3个年份,积温高,日照充足,苹果各平均生育期比3个迟的年份普遍提前了4 d以上,尤其是展叶盛期、开花未期提前了68 d;最早的2004年比最迟的1993年各生育期普遍提前了13 d以上,特别是叶芽开放期、开花未期,提前了2125 d。苹果叶芽开放期、展叶盛期、开花盛期最早的分别是2004年3月20日、2001年4月8日、2001年4月16日, 最迟的均为1996年, 分别为4月25日、4月30日、5月10日, 最早与最迟年相差了36、22、24 d。1984年较早, 1985年较迟, 1986年突然提早, 1987年突然推迟, 1988~1992年较早, 1993年较迟, 1994年以后基本持续提早。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on beginning dates of 10℃ temperature in 39 stations on Loess Plateau of Gansu from 1971 to 2004 and data of apple growth period of agrometeorological experimentation station in Xifeng, the climate characteristic and its influence on apple growth period were analyzed.The result indicated as follows: on loess plateau of Gansu there are 3 areas in which daily average temperature of 10℃ early begins, they are located in Beidao, Lanzhou, and Jingchuan, respectively;3 areas in which daily average temperature of 10℃ late begins are located nearby Huajialing, Dongxiang, and Min county;The earliest date is on April 14 in Beidao, the latest date is on June 5 in Huajialing;Its spatial distribution characteristic is that Dingxi and Linxia are late, Tianshui, Pingliang and Qingyang are early, the northeast part of Baiyin also is early;the daily average temperature of 10℃ begins earlier and earlier, specially since the 90's, the early tendency is more obvious;In 70's major areas were late, in 80's north areas were early, south areas were late, in 90's Dingxi and Linxia were late, other areas were early.In 3 years in which beginning date of 10℃ was early, the accumulated temperature was high, sunshine was sufficient, average growth period of apple began more than 4d earlier, leaf unfolding prime and blossom telophase began 6 to 8 d earlier, every growth period in the most early year 2004 was 13 d earlier than the latest year 1993, especially the bud opening and blossoms telophase were 21 to 25 d earlier.The earliest time of bud opening, leaf unfolding prime and blossom prime was on March 20, 2004, April 8, 2001 and April 16, 2001, the latest was on April 25, April 30, and May 10, 1996, respectively.The earliest and the latest year had 36 d, 22 d, and 24 d difference.In 1984 it was early, in 1985 it was late, in 1986 it suddenly changed to be early, in 1987 it suddenly changed to be late, in 1988 to 1992 it was early, in 1993 it was late, 1994 later it continually change to be early. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |