| 鲁向晖,隋艳艳,王飞,穆兴民.保护性耕作技术对农田环境的影响研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2007,(3):66~72 |
| 保护性耕作技术对农田环境的影响研究 |
| The conservation tillage technique and it’s influences on farmland environment |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2007.03.14 |
| 中文关键词: 保护性耕作 农田环境效应 研究综述 |
| 英文关键词:conservation tillage farmland environment efficacy |
| 基金项目:Challenge Programon Water & Food“Conservation agriculture for the dry-landareas of the Yellow River Basin”(CN228)； “十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD09B04):黄土高原水土流失综合治理工程关键支撑技术研究； 欧盟项目,DESIRE,037046 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 根据保护性耕作在我国的实施情况并结合国外已有研究结果,我们认为保护性耕作的内涵为:保护性耕作措施就是对农田实行少耕或免耕,尽可能减少对土壤的扰动,并以秸秆覆盖地表,达到减少劳动强度和生产投入,防止农田风蚀和水蚀并提高土壤肥力和抗旱能力的一种农田耕作技术。并对保护性耕作措施在改善农田作物生长环境方面的作用:有效提高农田水分利用效率;有效保持水土,大幅度地减少水土流失,减少大部分的田间起沙,降低农田地表土壤养分和水分的流失;有效提高土壤生物和微生物的数量与活性,增加土壤肥力,改善土壤结构,降低地表温度,减少地表蒸发等方面的最新研究成果进行了综述。此外,还叙述了保护性耕作对农田病虫害和杂草的影响。最后提出了在我国开展保护性耕作的必要性及其工作重点。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| According to the idiographic complexion of our country, the article elucidated the connotation of conservation tillage: It's a technology of tillage with minimum tillage or no-tillage so as to reduce the soil's disturbing, using stalk cover the field so as to decrease laboring and tillage's cost, preventing wind & water erosion, and improving the fertility of soil and the ability of fight a drought.The paper summarized the functions about crops' growing conditions which improved by the conservation tillage measures: It's can improve the field's water use efficiency effectively, conserve soil & water and reduce soil & water loss availably, decrease the great mass of fields' removing-sands and soil-nutrient & soil-water lost, increase the amount and active of biology & microbe in the soil, increase the soil's fertility, improve soil's structure, reduce the temperature of the earth's surface, lessen evaporation.Furthermore, the article recounted the effect of plant diseases and insect pests and weeds by the conservation tillage measures.Finally, it proposed the necessity that the conservation tillage should be put in practice, and advised its emphases. |
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