| 易镇邪,王璞,陈平平,屠乃美.不同夏玉米品种水分利用效率对氮肥与降水量的响应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008,(1):51~57 |
| 不同夏玉米品种水分利用效率对氮肥与降水量的响应 |
| Response of water use efficiency of different summer maize cultivars to nitrogen fertilizer and precipitation |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2008.01.10 |
| 中文关键词: 夏玉米 水分利用效率 氮肥 降水量 |
| 英文关键词:summer maize water use efficiency cultivar nitrogen fertilizer precipitation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(30471015,30571089) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以郑单958与农大108为材料,在3种类型氮肥、3个施氮水平条件下,连续两年(20042005)研究了华北平原夏玉米水分利用效率(WUE)对氮肥与降水量的响应。结果表明,(1)在施N 0180 kg/hm2范围内,夏玉米WUE随施氮量增大而增大,且不同氮肥类型间有一定差异;(2)WUE具有明显的基因型差异,在施氮与不施氮条件下均表现郑单958>农大108;(3)WUE与产量呈极显著正相关,与灌浆期穗位叶光合速率、气孔导度与蒸腾速率呈较明显的正相关关系;(4)WUE存在明显的年际间差异,两品种均表现2005年明显大于2004年,这主要由降水量差异所致。夏玉米生育前期及全生育期降水量的减少使夏玉米产量与耗水量均降低,但产量的降幅小于耗水量的降幅,从而使WUE得到提高。可见在本试验条件下,选择合适的品种进行适度干旱或限量灌溉栽培,再配以施氮量180 kg/hm2,可明显提高夏玉米水分利用效率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Zhengdan958 and Nongda108 were used as plant materials to study the responses of water use efficiency(WUE) of summer maize to nitrogen fertilizer and precipitation under condition of 3 types of N fertilizer with 3 application rates in North China Plain in successive two years(2004～2005).The results showed that(1) WUE of summer maize was increased by N rates from 0～180 kg N/hm2 and differences at a certain extent among types of N fertilizer were observed.(2) Evident genotype differences in WUE existed and there showed trend of Zhengdan958>ND108 under N application and no N application conditions.(3) Positive correlation at 0.01 probability level existed between WUE and yield,and evident positive correlations between WUE and photosynthetic rate,stomatic conductivity and transpiration rate of ear-leaf in filling stage were respectively observed.(4) Evident annual differences in WUE existed and the WUE of two cultivars in 2005 was bigger than those in 2004,which was induced by annual difference in precipitation.Decrease of precipitation in the prophase and whole duration reduced yield and water consumption of summer maize,but decreasing extent of yield was less than that of precipitation,so WUE was improved.The results showed that WUE of summer maize could be clearly improved by choosing appropriate cultivars,cultivating under natural drought or limit irrigation at moderate degree and fertilizing N 180 kg/hm2 under conditions in this study. |
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