| 马红彬.不同放牧强度对荒漠草原几种牧草一些生理指标的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008,(2):79~84 |
| 不同放牧强度对荒漠草原几种牧草一些生理指标的影响 |
| Influence of different grazing intensities in desert steppe on some physiological indexes of several pastures |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2008.02.16 |
| 中文关键词: 荒漠草原 放牧强度 牧草 生理指标 |
| 英文关键词:desert steppe grazing intensities pastures physiological indexes |
| 基金项目:宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(NZ0512)； 宁夏大学科研基金资助项目(NS0508) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 研究了不同放牧强度下荒漠草原长芒草(Stipa bungeana)、牛枝子(Lespedeza potanimii)、赖草(Ley-mus secalinus)、中亚白草(Pennisetum flaccidum)和糙隐子草(Cleistogenes squarrosa)5种牧草叶片游离脯氨酸(Pro)、丙二醛(MDA)和根系可溶性糖(WSS)、还原糖的含量以及叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)3种保护酶活性的变化。结果表明:随着放牧强度的增加5种牧草各生理指标均有不同程度的变化,其中赖草Pro含量呈先升后降变化,其它牧草呈不断上升趋势;长芒草和糙隐子草分别在放牧强度为1.05和1.50只/hm2时SOD活性最高,分别是不放牧的1.86和2.13倍,两牧草保护酶活性较高且协同性较好,MDA含量较低且增幅不大,WSS含量呈先降后升变化;中亚白草保护酶活性在放牧轻时居中但放牧重时变小,赖草POD活性与SOD和CAT无明显的一致性,反映在MDA含量上两牧草均上升显著,在1.50只/hm2放牧强度时分别是不放牧的4.68和3.89倍,WSS含量均不断降低;牛枝子保护酶活性相对较低,MDA含量最低且增幅较小,WSS含量呈先降后升变化;糙隐子草和牛枝子根系还原糖含量变化与WSS含量变化相同,其它牧草这二者没有明显的相关性。以上述生理指标判断各牧草的适宜放牧强度,则长芒草和糙隐子草放牧强度应不大于1.05只/hm2、赖草不大于0.45只/hm2、中亚白草不大于0.60只/hm2,牛枝子放牧强度可达1.50只/hm2。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The changes about free amino acids(Pro) and malondialdehyde(MDA) contents in pastures leaves,soluble sugars(WSS) and reducing sugars contents in pastures roots,three protective enzymes named superoxide dismutase(SOD)、catalase(CAT) and peroxidase(POD) activities in pastures leaves of five pastures that were Stipa bungeana、Lespedeza potanimii、Leymus secalinus、Pennisetum flaccidum and Cleistogenes squarrosa were studied under different grazing intensities in desert steppe.The results showed that all the physiological indexes of five pastures represented different degree changes with the enhancement of grazing intensities.The Pro content increased at first and decreased later in Leymus secalinus,but increased continuously in other pastures.The activity of SOD of Stipa bungeana was in the highest when grazing intensity reached 1.05 sheep/hm2,and was 1.86 times that of 0 sheep/hm2. The activity of SOD of Cleistogenes squarrosa was highest when grazing intensity reached 1.50 sheep/hm2, and was 2.13 times that of 0 sheep/hm2. These two pastures had relative high activities of protective enzymes,and these enzymes behaved relatively cooperativity.The contents of MDA were low and enhanced little.WSS contents in roots decreased at first and increased later.The activities of protective enzymes in Pennisetum flaccidum were in the middle under light grazing intensities and became smaller under heavy grazing intensities.POD activity of Leymus secalinus had no evident coherence with SOD and CAT activities.The contents of MDA in these two pastures enhanced markedly,while the contents of WSS declined continuously.When grazing intensity reached 1.50 sheep/hm2, the contents of MDA of Pennisetum flaccidum and Leymus secalinus were 4.68 and 3.89 times those of 0 sheep/hm2 respectively.Protective enzymes activities of Lespedeza potanimii were relatively low;moreover,MDA content was in the lowest and had a small enhancement.The content of WSS decreased at first and increased later.The changes of reducing sugars contents in roots for Cleistogenes squarrosa and Lespedeza potanimii accorded with the changes of WSS,but reducing sugars and WSS contents changes of other pastures did not represent obvious coherence.With the above physiological indexes as an estimation of feasible grazing intensity for testing pastures,grazing intensity of Stipa bungeana and Cleistogenes squarrosa should be no more than 1.05 sheep/hm2, Leymus secalinus no more than 0.45 sheep/hm2, Pennisetum flaccidum no more than 0.60 sheep/hm2. For Lespedeza potanimii,grazing intensity could reach 1.50 sheep/hm2. |
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