李文军,刘作新,舒乔生,尹光华.植物纤维地膜的土壤水热及作物产量效应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008,(6):34~37
植物纤维地膜的土壤水热及作物产量效应
Effect of mulching plant fiber film on soil moisture and temperature properties and crop yield
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2008.06.06
中文关键词:  植物纤维地膜  土壤温度  土壤水分  产量  降解性
英文关键词:plant fiber film  soil temperature  soil moisture  yield  degradation
基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目“北方粮食主产区典型农业种植结构农田节水模式与评价”(KSCX2-YW-N-004)； 国家‘十一五’科技支撑项目(2006BAD02A12)； 辽宁省节水农业重点实验室开放研究基金(05KJT21002)
作者单位
李文军 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110016；2．中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049；辽宁省节水农业重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110016 
刘作新 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110016；辽宁省节水农业重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110016 
舒乔生 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110016；2．中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049；辽宁省节水农业重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110016 
尹光华 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110016；辽宁省节水农业重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110016 
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中文摘要:
      为了寻找塑料地膜的替代产品,解决应用塑料地膜造成的严重农田污染问题,对一种植物纤维地膜进行了玉米田间覆盖试验研究。结果表明,植物纤维地膜在玉米苗期具有显著的增温保墒作用,有利于保全苗,促进玉米的生长发育,显著提高玉米产量和水分利用效率。与露地相比,覆盖植物纤维地膜在不同测定时期内可提高土壤温度0.5℃～1.7℃,增加土壤含水量1.4%～6.1%;提高产量10.8%。植物纤维地膜覆盖8周后抗张强度损失率接近90%,120 d后地表残留量基本为零,表明该膜具有很好的降解性。
英文摘要:
      It is very important to seek some substitutes for plastic film because continuous plastic film mulching cultivation often causes serious soil and environmental contamination．A plant fiber film mulching experiment was carried out to evaluate its applied effect in this study．The results showed that soil temperature and soil moisture significantly increased under the fiber film mulching in seedling stage which is beneficial to improve rate of seedling accelerate growth and improve yield and water use efficiency as well．Compared to open cultivation soil temperature and soil moisture under mulching plant fiber film in different corn growth stages were increased by 0．5℃～1．7℃ and 1．4％～6．1％ respectively as well as 10．8％ of yield．The tensile strength loss ratio of plant fiber film reached over90％ and there was basically no residues on the field in mulching120d which suggests that the plant fiber film could be fully degraded within the plant growing stage.
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