张俊鹏,孙景生,刘祖贵,李晓东,刘小飞.不同麦秸覆盖量对夏玉米田棵间土壤蒸发和地温的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(1):95~100
不同麦秸覆盖量对夏玉米田棵间土壤蒸发和地温的影响
Effects of different straw mulching quantity on soil evaporation and soil temperature in summer corn field
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.01.19
中文关键词:  秸秆覆盖  夏玉米  土壤蒸发  地温
英文关键词:straw mulching  summer corn  soil evaporation  soil temperature
基金项目:“十一五”国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD11B02)； “863”项目(2006AA100203)
作者单位
张俊鹏 Farmland Irrigation Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang, He’nan 453003,China 
孙景生 Farmland Irrigation Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang, He’nan 453003,China 
刘祖贵 Farmland Irrigation Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang, He’nan 453003,China 
李晓东 Farmland Irrigation Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang, He’nan 453003,China 
刘小飞 Farmland Irrigation Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang, He’nan 453003,China 
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中文摘要:
      采用微型蒸渗仪(Micro-lysimeter)和曲管地温表观测了不同麦秸覆盖量下夏玉米田的棵间土壤蒸发和土壤温度,试验设置5个处理(秸秆覆盖量分别为0(对照)、1500、4500、7500、10500 kg/hm22),分析了不同秸秆覆盖量下夏玉米田棵间土壤蒸发和土壤温度的动态变化规律。结果表明,麦秸覆盖夏玉米田有效抑制了棵间土壤蒸发,平抑了地温的变化幅度;夏玉米生育期内,4种覆盖处理(由高覆盖量至低覆盖量)棵间土壤蒸发比对照依次减少了63.51%、60.98%、52.94%、34.07%,020 cm的地温平均日变幅比对照分别降低了3.14℃、2.93℃、2.32℃、2.02℃。麦秸覆盖处理的抑蒸稳温效应,促进了夏玉米生长,提高了夏玉米的产量和水分利用效率。
英文摘要:
      Micro-lysimeters and bent stem earth thermometers were used to measure soil evaporation and soil temperature under different straw mulching quantity in summer corn field.Five treatments were established including 0 (CK) , 1 500, 4 500, 7 500 and 10 500 kg/hm22 of straw mulching quantity respectively.The effects of different straw mulching quantity on soil evaporation and soil temperature in summer corn field were analyzed.The results indicated that straw mulching can restrain soil evaporation effectively and hold down the daily change range of soil temperature.In the growing period of summer corn, the soil evaporation of the four straw mulching treatments (from high straw mulching quantity to low straw mulching quantity) decreased by 63.51%, 60.98%, 52.94% and 34.07% respectively, and the average daily change range of soil temperature in 0～20 cm depth decreased by 3.14℃, 2.93℃, 2.32℃ and 2.02℃ respectively compared with CK.Straw mulching treatments could improve the yield as well as water use efficiency of summer corn due to the low soil evaporation and soil temperature change range.
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