史建国,张燕卿,何文清,刘勤.黄河流域干燥度时空格局变化研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(1):242~247
黄河流域干燥度时空格局变化研究
Study on spatial and temporal variation of arid index in Yellow River Basin
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.01.46
中文关键词:  黄河流域  干燥度  Penman-Monteith法  时空格局  克里格法
英文关键词:Yellow River Basin (YRB)  arid index  Penman-Monteith method  spatial-temporal pattern  Kriging
基金项目:“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目“农田水分生产潜力及适度开发研究”(2006BAD29B01)； “十一五”国家863项目“山西半干旱区现代节水农业技术研究与集成”(2006AA100220)； “十一五”国家科技基础性工作专项项目(2007FY120100)； Challenge Programon Water & Food“Conservation agriculture for the dry-land areas of the Yellow River Basin”； 农业部“保护性耕作对地力及作物生长影响的机理研究”项目
作者单位
史建国 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development on Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China；Baotou Light Industry ＆ Vocational Technical College， Baotou，Inner Mongolia 014045，China 
张燕卿 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development on Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China 
何文清 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development on Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China 
刘勤 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development on Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China 
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中文摘要:
      根据国家气象局整编的1957~2001年(45 a)黄河流域93个气象站点气象资料,应用1998年FAO最新推荐的Penman-Monteith法计算干燥度中的潜在蒸散项,并在此基础上使用克里格(kriging)插值法生成黄河流域干燥度的分布图。研究结果显示,黄河流域多年平均干燥度空间分布格局受气候、地形地貌等多种因素的影响,具有明显的地域性差异,干燥度总的特点是北大南小,呈现由北向南逐渐递减趋势;从时间尺度上看,自1957年以来,干燥度总体上呈波动增大趋势,干燥度季节变化为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季,全年以79月份干燥度最小,11月翌年3月最大,且不同区域之间存在着明显的差异。
英文摘要:
      The arid index was calculated with Penman-Monteith method recommended by the FAO in 1990, based on climatic data of 93 meteorological stations in Yellow River Basin (YRB) authorized by the National Meteorological Bureau from 1957 to 2001, and the arid index distribution in Yellow River basin was also created through the kriging method.The result shows that the spatial distribution of arid index is strongly affected by climatic and geographical factors, and the arid index decreases from the north to the south.From 1957 to the end of 1990s, the trend of arid index was stable at first and then increased. At the same time, the seasonal variation of the arid index was obvious, which was winter >spring>autumn> summer.The maximum value of the arid index occurred in July, August and September in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the YRB respectively, and the minimum values were from November to the next March with a distinct regional variation.
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