徐国伟,王贺正,王志琴,刘立军,杨建昌.长江地区旱种方式对水稻产量品质及其生长发育的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(2):84~91
长江地区旱种方式对水稻产量品质及其生长发育的影响
Effect of non-flooded cultivation pattern on yield and quality of rice and its growth characteristics in Yangtze basin
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.02.15
中文关键词:  水稻  覆草旱种  覆膜旱种  产量  米质  生长发育
英文关键词:rice  dry-cultivation mulched with straw  dry-cultivation mulched with film  moist-cultivation  grain yield  rice quality  growth character
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(30671225,30771274)；?国家科技攻关项目(2006BAD02A13-3-2)；?引进国际先进农业科学技术计划(948计划)项目(2006-G60)
作者单位
徐国伟 Agricultural College Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,He’nan 471003,China；Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China 
王贺正 Agricultural College Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,He’nan 471003,China 
王志琴 Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China 
刘立军 Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China 
杨建昌 Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China 
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中文摘要:
      以籼型三系杂交稻组合汕优63以及常规籼稻扬稻6号为材料,通过稻草覆盖旱种、地膜覆盖旱种、裸地旱种和常规水种(对照)比较试验,研究了旱种水稻产量与品质的表现及其生长发育的特性。结果表明,覆草旱种产量与水种稻产量无显著差异,但显著高于覆膜旱种与裸地旱种。覆草旱种稻米的碾磨品质、外观品质、蒸煮品质和营养品质与水种稻无显著差异,而覆膜旱种与裸地旱种稻米的垩白度及蛋白质含量明显高于水种稻,胶稠度则显著低于水种稻。水稻旱种后,淀粉谱的最高粘度和崩解值降低,消减值提高,覆膜旱种尤为明显。与水种相比较,覆盖旱种后籽粒到达最大灌浆速率的的时间提前,活跃灌浆期缩短。水稻覆草旱种后有效分蘖期前生长缓慢,明显低于水种及覆膜旱种,但最终成穗数及成穗率较高,抽穗至成熟地上部干物质积累量较水种减少,但抽穗至成熟干物质积累显著高于另外两种旱种方式,物质运转率和收获指数较水种显著提高。文章最后对水稻不同种植方式间在产量和品质形成上的差异进行了讨论。
英文摘要:
      Two rice cultivars, Shanyou 63 (An indica hybrid rice combination) and Yangdao 6 (Indica) , were used to investigate the grain yield and quality of rice cultivated with different methods and the relations with grain filling.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the grain yield between DCMS and moist-cultivation (MC) , but the grain yield of DCMS was significantly higher than that of dry-cultivation mulched with film (DCMF) or that of bare cultivation (BC) .The differences in the milling quality, appearance quality, and cooking and nutrient quality of rice were not significant between DCMS and MC.Grains from DCMF and BC had higher chalkiness, smaller gel consistency, when compared with those from MC.Peak viscosity and breakdown values were reduced and setback values of the starch profile of rice endosperm were increased under dry-cultivation, specially under DCMF.DCMS rice showed slower tillering before the critical stage of productive tillers and higher percentage of productive tillers than MC and DCMF rice.Dry matter accumulation of shoot from heading to maturity under DCMF was lower, when compared with that under MC, but significantly higher than that under DCMF or under BC.Remobilization of assimilates from vegetative tissues to grains and harvest index were higher under DCMF than those under MC.Reasons for the differences in the formation of grain yield and quality among DCMS, DCMF and MC were also discussed.
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