姜凤超,刘孟雨,乔匀周,石磊,董宝娣.亏缺灌溉及叶面喷锌对番茄产量品质及水分利用效率的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(3):60~65
亏缺灌溉及叶面喷锌对番茄产量品质及水分利用效率的影响
Effects of deficit irrigation and Zn on yield quality and WUE of tomato
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.03.12
中文关键词:  番茄  锌  亏缺灌溉  品质  产量  水分利用效率
英文关键词:tomato  Zn  deficit irrigation  quality  yield  WUE
基金项目:中国科学院创新方向性项目“北方粮食主产区水资源调控机理和模式”(KSCX2-YW-N-004)； 国家863“华北半干旱区现代节水农业技术研究与集成”(2006AA100221)； 中国科学院创新方向性项目“首都圈安全生产技术体系研究与示范”(KSCX2-YW-N-042-01)
作者单位
姜凤超 Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology CAS，Shijiazhuang， Hebei 050021，China；Graduate University of CAS， Beijing 100049， China 
刘孟雨 Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology CAS，Shijiazhuang， Hebei 050021，China 
乔匀周 Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology CAS，Shijiazhuang， Hebei 050021，China 
石磊 Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology CAS，Shijiazhuang， Hebei 050021，China；Graduate University of CAS， Beijing 100049， China 
董宝娣 Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology CAS，Shijiazhuang， Hebei 050021，China 
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中文摘要:
      通过盆栽试验,研究了3个土壤水分水平(W1:田间持水量的60%65%、W2:75%80%、W3:90%95%)、两个锌溶液水平(Z0:0%、Z1:0.2%)对番茄生长、果实产量及品质、耗水、水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,随土壤水分的增加,番茄株高、植株生物量显著提高,W3处理的生物量分别比W2、W1高出20.8%和35.9%,但果实产量表现为先升高后降低的趋势,即W2>W3>W1的变化规律,过高的土壤水分或土壤干旱使果实产量明显降低;叶面喷施锌溶液对生物量的影响不明显,但使W1、W2、W3下的果实产量分别提高9.4%、9.2%和3.1%,且使果实口味改善、品质提高;土壤水分的提高使植株的耗水量增加,却降低了水分利用效率,水分和喷施锌溶液对以生物量计的水分利用效率影响不显著,但对以果实产量计和营养成分计的水分利用效率均达到显著程度,W2Z1处理的水分利用效率最高分别为:WUE产量=61.62 kg/m3、WUEVc=9.56 mg/m3、WUE糖=4.7 g/m3。
英文摘要:
      With pot experiment, the effects of different soil water levels (60%～65% (W1) , 75%～80% (W2) , 90%～95% (W3) of field moisture capacity) and two Zn solutions (0% (Z0) 、0.2% (Z1) ) on the growth, yield, quality, water consumption and WUE of tomato fruit were studied.The results indicated that the plant height and biomass increased obviously with the increase of soil water, that is the biomass of W3 treatment was 20.8% and 35.9% higher than W2 and W1, but the changes of fruit yield performed for the first rise after the lower trend, that was W2>W3>W1.Fruit yield decreased significantly with excessive soil water or soil drought.There was no significant difference in biomass with spraying Zn on leaves.However, the fruit yield of W1, W2 and W3 increased by 9.4%, 9.2% and 3.1%, and the taste and quality of fruit improved.The improvement of soil moisture to the plants increased water consumption, but WUE declined.There was no significant difference at WUE of biomass level with soil water and spraying Zn on leaves, but significant difference at WUE of fruit yield and nutritional components level.W2Z1 was the best treatment with high WUE of fruit, with WUEyield=61.62 kg/m3, WUEVc=9.56 mg/m3, and WUEsugar=4.7 g/m3.
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