不同土壤水分条件下施肥方式对甘薯叶片气体交换的调节作用

许育彬; 陈越; 齐向英

许育彬,陈越,齐向英.不同土壤水分条件下施肥方式对甘薯叶片气体交换的调节作用[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(4):105~110

不同土壤水分条件下施肥方式对甘薯叶片气体交换的调节作用

Regulating effect of fertilization form on gas exchange in leaves of sweet potato under different soil water conditions

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.04.20

中文关键词: 甘薯土壤水分施肥方式气体交换调节作用

英文关键词:sweet potato soil water fertilization form gas exchange regulation

基金项目:陕西省自然科学基金项目（2006C127）

作者	单位
许育彬	西北农林科技大学，陕西杨凌 712100
陈越	西北农林科技大学，陕西杨凌 712100
齐向英	榆林市农业科研所，陕西榆林 719000

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中文摘要:

采用盆栽试验，以甘薯品种秦薯4号和619为材料，研究了不同土壤水分条件下施肥方式对甘薯叶片气体交换的影响。结果表明，土壤水分和施肥方式对甘薯叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、水分利用效率(WUE)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)以及气孔限制值(Ls)有显著或极显著的影响，水肥之间存在明显的互作效应。与土壤湿润(田间持水量70%～75%)相比，土壤轻旱(田间持水量40%～45%)对甘薯叶片Pn、Tr、WUE、Gs、Ci以及Ls的影响较小，而重旱(田间持水量30%～35%)下，Pn、Tr、WUE、Gs和Gs大幅下降，Ci明显上升。施肥有助于促进提高Pn、Tr、Gs以及Ls，降低Ci，而且氮磷配施的效果优于氮肥单施。Ci和Ls的变化说明在土壤轻旱(40%～45%)条件下，甘薯叶片气体交换主要受气孔因素限制，而重旱(30%～35%)主要受非气孔因素限制。施肥通过改善气孔因素对甘薯叶片气体交换产生促进效应。

英文摘要:

To understand the regulating effects of soil water and fertilization on gas exchange in sweet potato leaves under different condit ions of soil water, with two cultivars of Qinshu 4 and 619 as materials, a pot experiment was conducted to measure and assay photosynthesis rate(Pn), water use efficiency(WUE), transpiration rate(Tr), stomatal conductance(Gs), intercellular CO₂ concentration（Ci） and stomatal limitation value(Ls). The results showed that soil water and fertilization significantly influence Pn, Tr, WUE, Gs and Ls. An apparent interaction existed between soil water and fertilization. Compared to the soil water content of 70%～75%，the changes of Pn, Tr, WUE, Gs and Ls were smaller under the soil water of 40%～45%, while under the soil water of 30%～35%, Pn, Tr, WUE, Gs and Ls, decreased significantly but Ci increased remarkably. Fertilization could enhance Pn, Tr, WUE, Gs and Ls, but reduce Ci. The regulating effect of these indexes with combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus was better than that with single application of nitrogen. The change of Ci and Ls under different treatments showed the gas exchange of sweet potato leaves was mainly limited by stomatal factors under the soil water of 40%～45%, and was mainly limited by non-stomatal factors. Fertilization could promote the gas exchange of sweet potato leaves by enhancing the effect of stomatal factors.

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