刘鹏涛,冯佰利,慕芳,苏旺,徐芦,蔡晓青,刘月仙,朱瑞祥,薛少平.保护性耕作对黄土高原春玉米田土壤理化特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(4):171~175
保护性耕作对黄土高原春玉米田土壤理化特性的影响
Effects of conservation tillage on soil physicochemical properties in the spring maize area of the Loess Plateau
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.04.33
中文关键词:  黄土高原  保护性耕作  土壤容重  土壤水分  土壤养分
英文关键词:Loess Plateau  conservation tillage  soil bulk density  soil water  soil nutrient
基金项目:农业部先正达农业科教及农村发展项目“黄土高原春玉米保护性耕作技术体系及配套机具研究”
作者单位
刘鹏涛 西北农林科技大学， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
冯佰利 西北农林科技大学， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
慕芳 西北农林科技大学， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
苏旺 西北农林科技大学， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
徐芦 西北农林科技大学， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
蔡晓青 陕西省黄陵县农机局， 陕西 黄陵 727300 
刘月仙 陕西省黄陵县原种繁殖农场， 陕西 黄陵 727300 
朱瑞祥 西北农林科技大学， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
薛少平 西北农林科技大学， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
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中文摘要:
      为了探索黄土高原春玉米区保护性耕作农田土壤理化特性变化，测定分析了保护性耕作处理第二年春玉米生长不同时期农田土壤容重、水分和养分变化。结果表明，保护性耕作处理在玉米生长前期0～10 cm土壤容重呈下降趋势且小于传统耕作，但后期增加幅度较大；与传统 耕作相比保护性耕作能显著增加玉米生长前期表层0～60 cm和后期100～200 cm土壤含水量，有较好保水、蓄水作用；保护性耕作下表层0～20 cm土壤养分指标除全磷外，均表现为稳定升高趋势，且能有效提高土壤全钾和速效钾含量；土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮、速效磷含 量低于传统耕作，但变异系数较小。
英文摘要:
      The values of soil bulk density, water content and seven kinds of soil nutrient content (organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium) were evaluated in an agricultural soil, located in the spring maize area of the Loess Plateau, with three treatments such as no tillage(NT), conventional tillage+straw retu rning(TS) and conventional tillage(CT), in order to study the effects of conservation tillage on the changes of physical and chemical properties of soil in this zone. Samples were collected during the second year from the arable layer and four different stages. The results showed that the soil bulk density in the 0～10 cm soil depth under the treatment of no tillage was lower than that under conventional tillage in prophase of maize growth, but had a larger increase in the later growing stage; compared to conventional tillage, no tillage made a significant increase in soil water of 0～60 cm soil depth in the prophase of maize growth and 100～200 cm soil depth in the dough stage, and had a better effect on water storage; the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil depth of 0～20 cm under conventional tillage were higher than those under no tillage, but had bigger coefficients of variation, while no tillage kept a rising trend of stability in most soil nutrient contents and made a higher contents in total potassium and available potassium.
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