张爱平,刘汝亮,李友宏,杨世琦,杨淑静,杨正礼.施用磷肥对春小麦产量与吸氮特性及土体中硝态氮累积的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(5):30~34
施用磷肥对春小麦产量与吸氮特性及土体中硝态氮累积的影响
Effects of P fertilizer application on yield of spring wheat and characteristics of N absorption and NO-3N accumulation in soil profile
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.05.06
中文关键词:  春小麦  磷肥  吸氮特性  硝态氮残留
英文关键词:spring wheat  yield  phosphate fertilizer  N absorption characteristic  NO-3-N accumulation
基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项河流水环境综合整治技术研究与综合示范主题特殊河流项目(2008ZX07212-004)
作者单位
张爱平 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture CAAS, Beijing 100081, China 
刘汝亮 Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environment Academy of Ningxia Agro-forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China 
李友宏 Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environment Academy of Ningxia Agro-forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China 
杨世琦 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture CAAS, Beijing 100081, China 
杨淑静 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture CAAS, Beijing 100081, China 
杨正礼 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture CAAS, Beijing 100081, China 
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中文摘要:
      通过宁夏引黄灌区田间小区试验,研究施磷量分别为0、60、120、180 kg·hm-2对春小麦产量、磷肥利用率、吸氮特性和土壤中硝态氮累积的不同影响,旨在明确该区合理施磷量。结果表明:合理施用磷肥(60~120 kg·hm-2)能提高春小麦籽粒产量和生物量。当施磷量为120 kg·hm-2,小麦籽粒产量最高,为6 215 kg·hm-2。春小麦氮素累积动态呈先增加后降低的趋势,增施磷肥能增加小麦吸氮量,但到成熟期春小麦地上部氮素累积出现损失,损失量达7.7%13.4%。当施磷量分别为60、120、180 kg·hm-2时,0~150 cm土层中的NO-3-N累积量分别比对照减少了50.6、58.5、62.9 kg·hm-2。综合考虑磷肥利用率、小麦产量和降低土体中NO-3-N残留等方面的因素,磷肥当季施用量应该控制在60~120 kg·hm-2。
英文摘要:
      A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of P fertilizer on yield of spring wheat, N fertilizer absorption characteristics and NO-3-N accumulation in Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia.The result showed that P fertilizer application increased significantly grain yield and straw yield.The yield of treatment P120 was higher than that of other treatments, which was 6215 kg·hm-2.The amount of N accumulation of spring wheat increased during the period from jointing to filling, but decreased by 7.7%～13.4% at ripening.Application of P fertilizer can decrease greatly soil NO-3-N content in 0～90 cm soil layer.Compared to P0 treatment, after wheat harvest NO-3-N accumulation of P60, P120 and P180 treatment in 0～150 cm soil layer decreased by 50.6, 58.5 and 62.9 kg·hm-2, respectively.Considering high spring wheat yield, efficiency of P fertilizer and low NO-3-N accumulation, the amount of fertilizer P should be controlled within 60～120 kg·hm-2.
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