神木与杨凌地区长柄扁桃光合与生物学特性比较

罗树伟; 郭春会; 张国庆

罗树伟,郭春会,张国庆.神木与杨凌地区长柄扁桃光合与生物学特性比较[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(5):196~202

神木与杨凌地区长柄扁桃光合与生物学特性比较

Comparative study on photosynthetic characteristics and biological characteristics of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall．between two regions of Shenmu and Yangling

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.05.36

中文关键词: 长柄扁桃生物学特性光合作用对光响应光合作用对CO₂响应

英文关键词:A.pedunculata Pall. biological characteristic light-response of photosynthesis CO₂-response of photosynthesis

基金项目:国家科技部成果转化资金项目园艺作物新品种中试(2006GB23600449)；西北农林科技大学育种专项项目“扁桃的种质资源与新品种创制研究(05YZ031)

作者	单位
罗树伟	Key Loboratory of Horticulrural Plant Germplasm Resources Utilization for Northwest China Ministry of Agriculture College of Horticulture Northwest A ＆F University， Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
郭春会	Key Loboratory of Horticulrural Plant Germplasm Resources Utilization for Northwest China Ministry of Agriculture College of Horticulture Northwest A ＆F University， Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
张国庆	Experimental Center of Desert Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou, Inner mongolia 015200, China

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中文摘要:

通过神木与杨凌两地区长柄扁桃的光合能力比较,为长柄扁桃大面积栽植与发展提供理论参考。试验结合生物学观察,利用LI-6400便携式光合作用测定仪系统,分析了陕西省榆林市神木县境内毛乌素沙漠和杨凌西北农林科技大学苗圃中长柄扁桃的光合作用特性。通过田间活体测定光合参数,对比研究了两地区内叶片净光合速率(Pn)的日变化等,并采用非直角双曲线拟合方程与直角双曲线方程分别计算光响应与CO₂响应曲线相关参数,并对测定结果进行单因素方差分析。结果表明:生物学特性方面,杨凌地区长柄扁桃萌芽早,且生命周期较长;神木地区长柄扁桃结果率较高。光合特性方面,光合日变化均呈双峰曲线,且都具明显“午休”现象。杨凌神木地区长柄扁桃LCP,LSP分别为49.08μmol/(m²·s),1512.5μmol/(m²·s);21.44μmol/(m²·s),1500μmol/(m²·s)。CCP,CSP分别为84.46μmol/mol,1000μmol/mol;53.92μmol/mol,781.25μmol/mol。长柄扁桃在两地生长情况与光合特性有显著差异,神木地区长柄扁桃光合能力显著大于杨凌, 表现出对强光低浓度CO₂的高效光合特性及较强适应能力, 对于神木长柄扁桃的适应性需要进一步观察。

英文摘要:

The study is to further confirm the comparatively adaptability of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall.through experiment, so as to provide theoretic basis for its enormous production of and sustainable development. The photosynthetic characteristics of A.pedunculata Pall.were studied with LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system in the Mu Us Desert area of Shenmu County in Yulin and nursery of Northwest A & F University in Yangling of Shaanxi Province, including observation of its biological characteristics.Some photosynthetic parameters were separately measured in two regions, such as diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) , and the response of leaf net photosynthesis to light level and to CO₂ could be modelled by a non-rectangular hyperbola, a rectangular hyperbola, respectively, then the correlated parameters were obtained.The parameters were analyzed by single factor analysis of variance.The results show that in the aspect of biological characteristics, the yield of A.pedunculata Pall.in Shenmu is more than that in Yangling.Comparatively longer time is taken on the green leaves in Yangling.In the aspect of photosynthetic characteristics, the curves of diurnal variation of net photosynthesis rate in leaves of A.pedunculata Pall in the two test sites show two peaks, and midday depression of Pn (11∶00～14∶00) can be found in leaves of both areas.The LCP and LSP of A.pedunculata Pall.in Yangling and Shenmu is 49.08 μmol/ (m²·s) , 1 512.5 μmol/ (m²·s) ;21.44 μmol/ (m²·s) , 1 500 μmol/ (m²·s) , respectively.CCP and CSP is 84.46 μmol/mol and 1 000 μmol/mol; 53.92 μmol/mol and 781.25 μmol/mol. A.pedunculata Pall.in differert regions shows significant difference on growth conditions and photosynthetic characteristics.The photosynthetic ability of A.pedunculata Pall in Shenmu is marked better than in Yangling, showing stronger adaptability and great efficiency in photosynthesis, especially to high light and light concentration of CO₂.

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