刘定辉,陈尚洪,舒丽,张玉兰,张冀.四川盆地丘陵区秸秆还田少免耕对土壤水分特征的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(6):119~122
四川盆地丘陵区秸秆还田少免耕对土壤水分特征的影响
Impact of straw mulching and no-tillage on soil water characteristics of paddy field in hilly area of Sichuan basin
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2009.06.23
中文关键词:  秸秆还田  少免耕  水分特征曲线  当量孔径  比水容量
英文关键词:straw-mulching  no-tillage  soil water characteristic curve  equivalent pore diameter  specific soil water capability
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划“四川季节性干旱区粮食作物综合节水技术研究与示范”(2007BDA88B08)； “沃土工程关键支撑技术研究”(2006BDA25B04)； “农田循环高效生产模式关键技术研究与集成示范”(2007BAD89B15)
作者单位
刘定辉 Soil and Fertilizer Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Chengdu， Sichuan 610066， China；Sichuan Agricultural University， Ya’an， Sichuan 625014， China 
陈尚洪 Soil and Fertilizer Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Chengdu， Sichuan 610066， China 
舒丽 Soil and Fertilizer Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Chengdu， Sichuan 610066， China 
张玉兰 National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology， Chengdu， Sichuan 610021， China 
张冀 Soil and Fertilizer Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Chengdu， Sichuan 610066， China 
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中文摘要:
      四川盆地丘陵区季节性干旱严重,为了阐明秸秆还田少免耕对土壤持水保水性能的影响和抗旱节水效果,采用压力膜法,测定了4年定位试验田的土壤水分及其能态变化特征。结果表明:秸秆还田少免耕土壤水吸力与土壤含水量之间具有明显的幂函数关系,可用幂函数方程θ=aSb进行拟合;秸秆还田免耕增加了10~20 cm土层通气空隙的当量孔径,降低了无效空隙的当量孔径,改善了心土层土壤结构;秸秆还田提高稻田耕层土壤持水性能,增加土壤水分库容量;秸秆还田后通过增加土壤有机质提高了土壤毛管空隙含量,提高土壤有效水含量;秸秆还田提高土壤耐旱性能和供水能力,不同耕作方式的耐旱性秸秆还田免耕优于秸秆还田间耕。
英文摘要:
      Seasonal drought is a terrible problem for sustainable development of agriculture in hilly area of Sichuan basin.This study aims to answer the effect of straw mulching and no-tillage on soil moisture keeping of paddy field.Using pressure membrane method,we determined the soil characteristic curve of paddy field soil under straw mulching and no-tillage in Sichuan basin,and analyzed the dynamic characteristic of soil water energy.The results showed that the relationship between soil suction and soil water content could be simulated with the power function θ=aSb.The soil equivalent pore diameter of aeration porosity of the 10～20 cm soil layer increased under straw mulching and no-tillage and the inactive porosity reduced compared with ck.The water binding capacity and storage capacity of plough layer was improved under straw mulching.The increase of soil organic matter after straw returned to paddy field improved soil capillary porosity and soil available water,and the capacity of soil drought resistance and water supplying were also enhanced under straw mulching.The capacity of soil drought resistance was different between two kinds of tillage operations,and the effect of no-tillage was better than that of tillage at intervals.
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