| 罗俊杰,王勇,樊廷录.旱地不同生态型冬小麦水分利用效率对播前底墒的响应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(1):61~65 |
| 旱地不同生态型冬小麦水分利用效率对播前底墒的响应 |
| Effect of winter wheat yield and WUE with different soil water before sowing in semi-arid areas |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2010.01.12 |
| 中文关键词: 旱地 冬小麦 生态型 水分利用效率 底墒 |
| 英文关键词:dry land winter wheat ecotype WUE soil water before sowing |
| 基金项目:国家“十五”攻关课题“北方旱塬区优质粮食产业开发模式与技术研究” （2001BA508B11） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对甘肃陇东旱作区冬小麦产量低而不稳、水分利用效率低下，冬小麦夏季休闲期正值该区的降雨高峰期，降雨和无效蒸发同步且土壤保持水
分不足的问题开展试验研究。通过夏季休闲期的地膜覆盖、集雨抑蒸，提高播前底墒，并对模拟底墒试验的产量、水分利用效率(WUE)进行分析，得出：冬小麦产量与播前底墒具有显
著的相关性，基于一定底墒条件下的底墒和生育期降水互作分析表明，产量与播前底墒的拟合度高于与生育期降水拟合；播前底墒对不同生态类型冬小麦产量和WUE有显著的影响，高底墒条件下的产量、WUE分别较中底墒和低底墒高28.40、70.43和22.94、75.06个百分点；在夏休闲期采用集流入渗抑蒸技术，使土壤蓄水效率由传统耕作的33%～38%提高到60%～70%，蓄保夏休闲期的降雨于土壤中，对于稳定提高适宜生态型冬小麦产量有显著的作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| According to the wheat yield and water use efficiency low and instability in arid of eastern Gansu. The summer fallow coincides with the rainy season and evaporation fastigium, which brings the insufficiency of
soil water storage in East Gansu rain-fed areas. Covering field with plastic film in this season to collect water and restrain it from evaporation could increase the water storage in soil. An experiment was made in summer fallow time in which bare land was covered with plastic film for restoring the rainfall in the soil. The results show that: 1) Wheat yield and soil water content before sowing significant correlation based on certain conditions. The yield has a higher fitting degree with the soil water content before sowing. 2) The soil water content before sowing in different ecological types of winter wheat yield and WUE has significant influence. The yield and WUE in higher soil water content was respectively increasing than middle lever and low lever in 28.40,70.43 and 22.94, 75.06 percentage points. 3) During the summer fallow period, applying this technology which collecting rainfall and control the evaporation, make by conventional tillage soil water efficiency of 33%～38% increasing to 60%～70%. Rain water collection and plastic film cover in summer fallow period could significant improving the soil water condition and stable for ecological winter wheat yield increasing. |
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