金胜利,周丽敏,李凤民,张光全.黄土高原地区玉米双垄全膜覆盖沟播栽培技术土壤水温条件及其产量效应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(2):28~33
黄土高原地区玉米双垄全膜覆盖沟播栽培技术土壤水温条件及其产量效应
Effect of double ridges mulched with wide plastic film on soil water, soil temperature and yield of corn in semiarid Loess Plateau of China
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2010.02.06
中文关键词:  黄土高原半干旱区  地膜覆盖  双垄全膜覆盖沟播栽培技术  土壤含水量  土壤温度  水分利用效率
英文关键词:semiarid Loess Plateau of China  plastic film mulch  double ridges mulched with wide plastic film  soil moisture  soil temperature  water use efficiency
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD04B06)
作者单位
金胜利 甘肃省榆中县农业技术推广中心, 甘肃 兰州 730100 
周丽敏 兰州大学干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730000 
李凤民 兰州大学干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730000 
张光全 甘肃省榆中县农业技术推广中心, 甘肃 兰州 730100 
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中文摘要:
      田间比较玉米双垄全膜覆盖沟播栽培技术新型覆膜方式(SL）与其他覆膜方式——条膜起垄覆盖（TL），条膜平铺覆盖(TP)，全膜平铺覆盖（QP）以及不覆膜（CK）在土壤含水量，土 壤温度及玉米产量三个方面差别。分析结果显示：新型覆膜方式SL在作物苗期和成株期的表层土壤含水量最高，地表蒸发量较小，集水效果最好；在苗期的表层地温高于其他处理，超 出对照6.1℃。各处理玉米产量从高到低次序为SL＞QP＞TL＞TP＞CK。其中SL比QP增加21.9%，比TL增加64.8%，比TP增加32.1%，较CK提高了1045%。SL的经济收益是QP的1.2倍，TL的1.7倍，TP的1.3倍，CK的10.2倍。双垄全膜覆盖沟播栽培技术是黄土高原半干旱区一项有效的增产和提高农民经济收入的措施。
英文摘要:
      The field was planted with corn and mulched with plastic film in different ways. Five treatments were tested: (1) Flat plot without mulch (CK); (2) Double ridges mulched with plastic film, the joint of two ridges was furrowed and corn was planted in double furrows (SL); (3) Alternating ridges and furrows, only the ridge was mulched with plastic film and corn was planted in the two sides of the ridge (TL); (4) No ridge, alternating mulched flat plot and bare flat plot. (TP); (5) No ridge, the flat plot was mulched with plastic film (QP). Corn was planted in the mulched zone in treatments (4) and (5). The results showed that the pattern of SL performed best in harvesting rainwater and its water evaporation was the lowest. The topsoil water content in SL was higher than in other treatments in the stage of seeding and maturity of corn. The soil temperature in SL during the stage of maturity was also the highest, 6.1℃ higher than CK. The order of yield from high to low was SL＞QP＞TL＞TP＞CK, and SL was 21.9% greater than QP, 64.8% greater than TL, 32.1% greater than TP and 1045% greater than CK. The benefit in SL was 1.2 times of QP, 1.7 times of TL, 1.3 times of TP, and 10.2 times of CK. Therefore we could see this new pattern could improve the grain yield and income of people. It was an effective agricultural practice in the semiarid Loess Plateau in China.
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