| 刘爽,何文清,严昌荣,刘勤.不同耕作措施对旱地农田土壤物理特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(2):65~70 |
| 不同耕作措施对旱地农田土壤物理特性的影响 |
| Effects of different tillage managements on soil physical properties in dryland |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2010.02.13 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤物理特性 耕作措施 旱地 |
| 英文关键词:soil physical properties tillage treatment dryland |
| 基金项目:“十一五”国家863课题“山西半干旱区现代节水农业技术集成基地”（2006AA100220）；国家科技支撑计划课题“农田水分生产潜力及适度开发研究”（2006BAD29B01）；Challenge Program on Water & Food “Conservation agriculture for the dry-land areas of the Yellow River Basin”；国家基础性工作专项“中国农业气候资源数字化图集编制”项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过在山西寿阳地区设置的田间试验，分析比较秸秆还田、免耕覆盖、浅旋耕和常规耕作等4种耕作措施不同时期土壤紧实度、容重、入渗速率、土壤含水量以及土壤温度的变化情况，以了解各耕作措施对旱地农田土壤物理特性的影响程度。结果表明，秸秆还田措施除引起旱地农田土壤入渗速率显著降低外，其他物理特性与常规耕作基本一致；免耕覆盖措施对旱地农田土壤物理特性的影响最大，可导致0～10 cm表层土壤紧实度和容重显著增加，土壤入渗速率在播前显著降低，但随着生育期推进与其他处理间差异逐渐减小，蓄水保墒效果显著，同时会引起土壤温度显著降低，播前较常规耕作平均降低2.0℃；浅旋耕措施则在改善表层土壤紧实度，增加土壤入渗速率方面较秸秆还田和免耕覆盖措施要好，土壤含水量显著高于其他处理，较常规耕作措施平均能提高10%，但同时会引起40～60 cm土层土壤容重增加。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, the effects of conventional tillage and three conservation tillage managements on soil compaction, soil bulk density and the soil infiltration rate were investigated in different growth stages of maize in Shouyang Dryland Farming Experimental Station. The treatments included all-straw-returning tillage (ASRT), no-till with straw mulching (NTSM), shallow rotary treatment (SRT) and conventional tillage (CT). The results show that the all-straw-returning tillage treatment results in a significant reduction in soil infiltration rate, and it has no significant effect on other soil physical properties compared with the conventional tillage. The treatment of no-till with straw mulching has a great impact on soil physical properties, which can lead to an increase in soil compaction and soil bulk density in the layer of 0～10 cm, a reduction in soil infiltration rate before sowing of maize, and a 2℃ decrease in soil temperature compared with the conventional tillage. The shallow rotary treatment has a greater improvement in the soil compaction in the top layer and soil infiltration rate than the all-straw-returning tillage and no till with straw mulching treatments and it can improve the soil water content by 10% compared to the conventional tillage. Also the shallow rotary treatment increases
the soil bulk density in the layer of 40～60 cm. |
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