| 刘卉芳,曹文洪,张晓明,秦伟.黄土区小流域水沙对降雨及土地利用变化响应研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(2):237~242 |
| 黄土区小流域水沙对降雨及土地利用变化响应研究 |
| Response of water and sediment to land use in watershed of Losses plateau |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2010.02.48 |
| 中文关键词: 黄土区 小流域 降水 径流量 产沙量 SWAT模型 |
| 英文关键词:Loess area watershed rainfall runoff quantity sediment quantity Soil and Water Assessment Tool model |
| 基金项目:“十一五”国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD09B02)； 青年基金(泥集QN-0707) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 降雨和土地利用/覆被变化是流域径流、泥沙的两个主要影响因子。本研究采用SWAT模型，用固定其中一个影响因子而改变另一个影响因子的方法，对研究区降雨变化与土地利用/覆被变化对径流泥沙影响进行估算，目的在于从年月不同时间尺度上确定黄土高原小流域水沙对降雨和土地利用变化的响应状况。结果表明，在年尺度上降雨变化对径流影响的贡献率为84.20%，土地利用变化对径流影响的贡献率为28.63%；在月尺度上，降雨对径流贡献率也大于土地利用对径流的贡献率，尤其在雨季降雨对径流的影响程度和土地利用对径流影响程度的比值最大可以达到4.5。因此，不论在年尺度还是月尺度上，降雨对径流的贡献率都远远大于土地利用对径流的贡献率。此外，研究结果也表明流域年降水量和流域森林植被盖度均与流域径流模数或输沙模数呈指数关系。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rainfall and land use/covering change are two main affecting factors of runoff and sedimentation in a watershed, The study simulate runoff and sediment by SWAT
model. This purpose is to study the response on water and sediment to rainfall and land-use change in watershed of Losses plateau in different time scales. The study estimate the effects of rainfall and land use/covering change to runoff and sediment by fixing one of the two factors and changing another method. In the scale of year that the impacts of rainfall on contribution rate of runoff is 84.20%, land-use impacts on contribution rate of runoff is 28.63%. In the month scale, the contribution of rainfall to the runoff is greater than the contribution of land use to runoff, especially in the rainy season, the largest contribution ratio of rainfall and land use to runoff can be 4.5. The results show that the contribution of rainfall to runoff are far greater than the land use to runoff regardless on the scale of year or the moon. In addition to, The results also show the runoff modulus, or sediment modulus are exponentially related to annual precipitation and forest vegetation cover. |
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