周晋红,李丽平,秦爱民.山西气象干旱指标的确定及干旱气候变化研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(3):240~247
山西气象干旱指标的确定及干旱气候变化研究
Study on the determination of meteorological drought index and drought climate changes in Shanxi Province
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2010.03.44
中文关键词:  气象干旱指标  年代际变化  年际变化  山西
英文关键词:meteorological drought index  inter-decadal changes  inter-annual changes  Shanxi
基金项目:山西省气象局科研项目(SXKYBQH20103222)
作者单位
周晋红 南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,江苏 南京 210044
太原市气象局,山西 太原 030082 
李丽平 南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,江苏 南京 210044 
秦爱民 山西省气象局,山西 太原030002 
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中文摘要:
      应用山西省62个气象站19612008年逐季、年降水资料,在对3种常用气象干旱指标对比分析的基础上,对Z指数进行修正,确定山西单站季、年旱度指标,并在此基础上建立全省区域干旱指标。研究发现,近48年来,山西出现1年重旱、4年大旱、3年偏旱,重旱年出现在20世纪60年代中期,而大旱和偏旱年大部分出现在20世纪80年代中期以后。冬、春季重旱年分别出现在20世纪60年代初和90年代末到21世纪初,而夏、秋季重旱年均出现在90年代末期。山西各季、年干旱空间分布特征,最常见的是全省一致干旱型;年、各季干旱的出现不仅存在明显的年代际尺度变化,而且年际变化也显著。近48年来,山西区域年干旱指数下降趋势显著,1977年后,年干旱指数发生突变,山西进入持续干期。
英文摘要:
      Based on 62 meteorological stations' seasonal and annual precipitation data during 1961~2008 in Shanxi Province，three meteorological drought indexes are compared and Z index is modified, so seasonal and annual drought in-dexes for certain stations and Shanxi area are established. The research results show that there is one year of severe drought, four years of heavy drought and three years of slight drought in recent 48 years in Shanxi; The year of severe drought emerged in the mid 1960s, while most of years of heavy and slight drought emerged after the mid 1980s; The years of severe drought in winter and spring emerged separately in the early 1960s and in the late 1990s to the early 21st century, while years of severe drought in summer and autumn emerged in the late 1990s. Uniformly drought is the most common for the special distribution of seasonal and annual drought in Shanxi; The emergence of seasonal and annual drought has not only obvious inter- decadal changes but also significant inter-annual changes. In the recent 48 years, annual drought index in Shanxi presented a significantly downward trend, and an abrupt change emerged after 1977, then the climate in the province has been entering a continuous dry period.
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