马波,田军仓.压砂地西瓜水肥耦合模型及优化组合方案[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(4):24~29
压砂地西瓜水肥耦合模型及优化组合方案
Model of coupling water with fertilizer in gravel-mulched watermelon field and its optimum combination scheme
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2010.04.05
中文关键词:  西瓜  压砂地  水肥耦合  水肥生产函数
英文关键词:watermelon  gravel-mulched field  coupling water with fertilizer  function of water and fertilizer with yield
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划课题(2007BAQ0005501)；国家自然科学基金项目(50769007)；教育部高校博士点科研基金(20060749001)
作者单位
马波 宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏 银川 750021
宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021
旱区现代农业水资源高效利用工程研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021 
田军仓 宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏 银川 750021
宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021
旱区现代农业水资源高效利用工程研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021 
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中文摘要:
      采用三因素五水平二次回归通用旋转组合设计方法,在宁夏中部干旱带进行了压砂地西瓜水肥耦合试验,结果表明:在该试验条件下,灌水定额对产量的影响极显著,株距对产量影响较显著,施氮量对产量无显著影响。水氮交互对产量有一定的影响效果,低氮配以高水、中氮配以高水能够达到高产。并且经过水肥耦合模型模拟,得到了实现不同产量目标的最佳水肥组合指标,压砂地西瓜不同产量水平下的因素最优组合方案为:(1)压砂地西瓜产量1200015000 kg/hm2,补水定额4861.5 m3/hm2,施氮量2431.5 kg/hm2,株距1.71.9 m;(2)压砂地西瓜产量1500018000 kg/hm2,补水定额55.569 m3/hm2,施氮量2430 kg/hm2,株距1.41.6 m;(3)压砂地西瓜产量18 00021 000 kg/hm2,补水定额58.572 m3/hm2,施氮量2430 kg/hm2,株距1.21.3 m。
英文摘要:
      Based on the current rotary combination design method of square regression with three factors and five levels, experiment of coupling water with fertilizer in gravel-mulched watermelon field was conducted in central arid re- gion of Ningxia. The results show that irrigation quota is the main factor affecting watermelon yield, and the planting dis-tance was the second factor, while the nitrogen quantity was the third one. Water and nitrogen quantity interaction has certain effect, and it will get high yield when low nitrogen quantity and high imigation quota are combined , middle nitro-gen quantity and high irmrigation quota combined. Optimum combination indexes of water and fertilizer on different water-melon yield were gained through the model simulation and experiment . The optimal combination scheme of factors on different yield level of watermelon in gravel-mulched field is: (1) When watermelon yield is 12 000 ~ 15 000 kg/hm2, irri-gation quota is 48 ~ 61.5 m3/hm2 , nitrogen quantity is 24 ~ 31.5 kg/ hm2, and planting distance is 1.7~ 1.9 m;(2)When watermelon yield is 115 000~ 18 000 kg/hm2, inigation quota is 55.5~ 69 m3/hm2，nitrogen quantity is 24 ~ 30kg/ hm2，and planting distance is 1.4~ 1.6 m;(3) When watermelon yield is 18 000 ~ 21 000 kg/hm2, imigation quota is 58.5~ 72 m3/hm2, nitrogen quantity is 24 ~ 30 kg/hm2，and planting distance is 1.2~ 1.3 m. All these can provide reference for water-saving irrigation of watermelon in gravel-mulched field in central arid region of Ningxia.
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