磷营养和土壤含水量对大豆光合特性的交互影响

王旭明; 张铮; 史刚荣

王旭明,张铮,史刚荣.磷营养和土壤含水量对大豆光合特性的交互影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010,28(5):143~148

磷营养和土壤含水量对大豆光合特性的交互影响

Interaction of phosphorus concentration and soil moisture on photosynthetic traits in soybean plants

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2010.05.27

中文关键词: 大豆磷营养干旱光合作用

英文关键词:soybean P nutrition drought stress photosynthesis

基金项目:安徽省高校教师自然科学基金项目(KJ2009B073)

作者	单位
王旭明	淮北师范大学生命科学学院，资源植物学安徽省重点实验室，安徽淮北 235000
张铮	淮北师范大学生命科学学院，资源植物学安徽省重点实验室，安徽淮北 235000
史刚荣	淮北师范大学生命科学学院，资源植物学安徽省重点实验室，安徽淮北 235000

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中文摘要:

采用盆栽砂培,对不同磷(0.05、0.5、1.0、2.0 mmol/L KH₂PO₄)、水(田间持水量的20%、40%、60%和80%)条件下大豆的光合特性进行了研究。结果表明: (1)低磷和干旱胁迫导致大豆叶片含水量和地上部分生物量显著降低，水分饱和亏缺和根冠比增大。磷营养和土壤含水量对叶片水分饱和亏缺、根冠比、叶片含水量、比叶面积、地上部分生物量具有显著的交互效应。(2) 低磷和干旱胁迫显著降低了大豆的叶绿素含量（Chl a、Chl b和Chl a+b），缺磷导致叶绿素a/b比值显著升高，且具有显著的磷×水交互效应。(3) 缺磷和干旱胁迫显著降低了Fv/Fm和ΦPSII，并对Fv/Fm具有显著的交互效应。(4) 低磷和干旱胁迫下，大豆叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(E)显著减小，气孔限制值(Ls)增大，磷营养和土壤含水量对水分利用效率（WUE）和Ls的交互效应显著。

英文摘要:

The effects of phosphorus (P) nutrition and soil water availability (W) on the photosynthetic traits of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) plants were studied in pot experiments. Four levels of P supply (0.05, 0.5, 1.0 mmol/L and 2.0 mmol/L KH₂PO₄) were applied by nutrition solution. Before seedling establishment, the pots were kept near 100% of holding water capacity (HWC). Afterwards, the pots were maintained at 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% HWC, respectively. The results were showed as follows: (1) Both the low P and drought stress resulted in a reduction of the leaf water content and shoot biomass, and an increase of the leaf water saturation deficit (WSD) and root/shoot ratio i n soybean plants. There was a significant P×W interaction on WSD, root/shoot ratio, leaf water content, specific leaf area, and shoot biomass. (2) The chlorophyll contents(Chl a, Chl b and Chl a+b) were significantly decreased in s eedlings under low P and/or drought stress, while chlorophyll a/b ratio was enhanced in P deficient plants, and it showed significant P×W interaction. (3) Drought stress and P deficient significantly reduced Fv/Fm and ΦPSⅡ, and a sig nificant P×W interaction was observed on Fv/Fm. (4) Both the low P and drought stress caused a decrease in the net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO₂ concentration, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate, but an increase in the stomatal limitation (Ls) in soybean plants. A significant P×W interaction was observed on the water use efficiency and Ls.

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