海米提·依米提,米日姑·买买提,古丽娜尔·托合提,黄志方,曹静静.伊犁河谷盐渍化区土壤盐分离子的空间变异特征[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(1):64~69
伊犁河谷盐渍化区土壤盐分离子的空间变异特征
Spatial variability of soil salinity ions in the saline area of the Yili River Basin
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2011.01.12
中文关键词:  盐渍化土壤  盐分离子  地统计学  空间变异性
英文关键词:saline soil  saltion  geostatistics  spatial variability
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC15B02)；国家自然科学基金面上项目（40971020）
作者单位
海米提·依米提 教育部绿洲生态重点实验室， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046 
米日姑·买买提 教育部绿洲生态重点实验室， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046； 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046 
古丽娜尔·托合提 教育部绿洲生态重点实验室， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046； 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046 
黄志方 教育部绿洲生态重点实验室， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046； 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046 
曹静静 教育部绿洲生态重点实验室， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046； 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046 
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中文摘要:
      利用地统计学,结合地理信息系统(GIS),在面积约为400 km2的伊犁河谷典型研究区总共布设了土壤取样点60个,测定土壤表层(0～20 cm)总盐分及其组成(Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、SO42-、Cl-、CO32-、HCO3-)的空间变异性规律。结果表明:总盐分，Ca2+,HCO3-为正态分布,其余盐分离子符合对数正态分布;变异函数分析得出总盐分符合球状模型,Mg2+、K+、Na+、Cl-、SO42-、CO32-、Ca2+符合高斯模型,而HCO3-则是纯块金效应;盐分离子的变程在3.5～22.1 km之间;除了土壤总盐分（强烈自相关）其余盐分离子均表现为中等强度的空间自相关,但程度有所差异。用Kriging插值法对未测点的盐分离子进行最优估计,绘制含量分布图,从而可以更直观地反映研究区土壤盐分离子的空间变异特征。
英文摘要:
      Geostatistics combined with GIS was applied to collect 60 samples and analysis was made of the spatial variability of soil salt (total salt, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, SO42-, Cl-, CO32- and HCO3-) in top soil (0～20 cm) from about 400 km2 of typical saline soil of study area in the Yili River Basin. The results indicated that the total salt, Ca2+ and HCO3- showed a normal distribution, and the others a lognormal distribution. The chemical analysis of semivariograms indicated that the total salt was best described by spherical model, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Cl-, SO42-, CO32- and Ca2+ were best described by Gauss model, and HCO3- showed pure nugget effect. The ranges of soil salinity were from 3.5～22.1 km. The spatial variability of all soil salinity ions were mainly produced by structural factors and random factors. The results also showed that except HCO3-, the spatial correlation of other tested parameters, were moderately dependent, but their spatial heterogeneity degree was different. The Kriging method was applied to estimate the unobserved points and then the precise contour maps were obtained. By this way, the spatial variability of soil salinity ions could be reflected directly.
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