| 吕艳东,郑桂萍,郭晓红,殷大伟,马殿荣,徐正进,陈温福.土壤水势下限对寒地水稻产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(2):45~52 |
| 土壤水势下限对寒地水稻产量的影响 |
| Effects of lower limit soil water potential on rice yield in cold region |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2011.02.08 |
| 中文关键词: 寒地水稻 土壤水分 产量 |
| 英文关键词:rice in cold region soil moisture yield |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A01-6);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD65B03-3)；公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(nyhyzx07-001)；农业科技成果转化资金项目(2008GB2B200089) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 吕艳东 | 沈阳农业大学水稻研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110161
辽宁省北方粳稻遗传育种重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110161
黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319 | | 郑桂萍 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319 | | 郭晓红 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319 | | 殷大伟 | 沈阳农业大学水稻研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110161
辽宁省北方粳稻遗传育种重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110161 | | 马殿荣 | 沈阳农业大学水稻研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110161
辽宁省北方粳稻遗传育种重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110161 | | 徐正进 | 沈阳农业大学水稻研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110161
辽宁省北方粳稻遗传育种重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110161 | | 陈温福 | 沈阳农业大学水稻研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110161
辽宁省北方粳稻遗传育种重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110161 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以垦鉴稻5号(J)和垦稻12号(D)为试材,采用负压式土壤湿度计严格监测土壤水势,20072008年在建三江科研所、大兴农场园区和庆安试验站进行大田控水试验;2009年在黑龙江八一农垦大学盆栽场(大庆市)进行盆栽控水试验;于水稻返青至成熟期进行-20 kPa和-10 kPa的间歇控水处理,系统地研究土壤水分对寒地水稻产量的影响。大田试验表明,全生育期以-10 kPa为控水下限进行节水灌溉多有利于不同生态区水稻产量的提高,大兴、庆安不同品种的增产幅度分别为1.60%~7.67%、1.51%~6.95%。盆栽结果表明,全生育期进行-8-10 kPa的间歇控水,减少了两品种的穴穗数,且D品种的穗数降低达到极显著水平;控水处理增加了J品种的优、中势粒的粒数,增加了D品种的中、劣势粒;控水处理增加了两品种优、中、劣势粒的结实率,其中J品种控水处理的中势粒与劣势粒的增幅达到显著水平,D品种的优、中、劣势粒的结实率分别增加4.86%、5.42%和13.30%。控水处理使J品种的生物产量增加,却使D品种的生物产量显著降低;J和D品种的经济系数分别提高5.73%和3.21%;J品种的经济产量增加了14.47%,但降低了D品种的经济产量。两年不同生态区本田以-10 kPa为控水下限进行节水灌溉,节水率均达到20%以上。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the rice varieties of Kenjiandao 5 (J) and Kendao 12 (D) as test materials, soil water potential.
(SWP) was examined rigorously with negative pressure soil moisture tensiometer. Field water controlling experiments were carried out in the Institute of Jiansanjiang， Daxing Farm Garden and Qing'an Experimental Station from 2007 to 2008. Pot water controlling experiments were carried out in potted trial base of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University (Daqing)，and intemittent contolling water treatments (ICWT) at- 20 kPa and- 10 kPa of SWP were carried out from re green to mature. The effects of soil moisture on yield of rice were studied systematically in cold region. The results are as follows: the ICWT at-10 kPa of SWP was beneficial to improve the rice yield of different regions . The yield incre easing ranges of diferent varieties in Daxing and Qingan were 1. 60%~7.67% and 1. 51%~6.95% respectively. The results of potted experiments showed that panicles per hill of two varieties was decreased under the condition of con-trolling water treatment，and D variety reached the extremely significant level ; Grain numbers of superior and middle po-sition of J variety and middle and inferior position of D variety were increased; Kernel seting rate of two varieties were in creased，the increasing ranges of middle and inferior position of J variely reached the significant level, kermnel setting rate of superior, middle and inferior position of D variety increased 4.86%，5.42% and 13.30% respectively. Biomass of J
variety was increased, biomass of D variety was signficantly decreased, and economic indexs of two varieties increased 5.73% and 3.21% respectively; Economic yield of J variety increased 14. 47%，economic yield of D variety was de-creased. ICWT at-10 kPa of SWP were carried out in different eclogical regions, the rates of water saving were all above 20%. |
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