| 彭文英,彭美丽,吴晓展.免耕对粮食作物产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(2):95~100 |
| 免耕对粮食作物产量的影响 |
| No-tillage effects on crop yield |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2011.02.16 |
| 中文关键词: 免耕 传统翻耕 作物产量 推广实施 |
| 英文关键词:no tillage conventional tillage crop yield implementation of extension |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金“北京及周边地区免耕条件土壤水分动态及利用效率(40571092)”；北京地区普通高等学校首都经济学科群建设项目；北京市教委科技创新平台—首都圈生态文明建设研究项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过北京郊区大田调查和定点试验观测,对比研究了免耕覆盖与传统耕作两种措施下作物长势和产量差异,探讨了免耕覆盖技术推广实施中存在的问题。结果表明:与传统翻耕相比,免耕覆盖作物出苗和成熟更晚;免耕冬小麦出苗和生长初期,麦苗密度可低于传统翻耕32%;免耕覆盖玉米出苗和长势往往好于传统翻耕,出苗密度可高于传统翻耕约20%。与传统翻耕相比较,免耕覆盖冬小麦地上生物量可低3%左右,但同期测量地下根量却高15%;免耕冬小麦在春季干旱年份可增产2.2%,而在春季雨水较多的年份却减产18.37%,大田调查最高可造成减产46.4%;免耕覆盖玉米产量一般较高,可高出2%18%。免耕技术推广实施还需要加强科学的田间管理,加大政府支持力度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on field investigation and fixed experimental observation from 2006~ 2007 in Beijing suburbs,
comparison between the no tillage and conventional tillage under crop growing and yield was made to analyse the problems during the implementation of no tillage extension. The results reveal that compared with those in conventional tillage， the emergence and maturity of crops in no tillage with mulching are later; and the number of plants can be 32% lower than conventional tillage during emergence and early seedling pulling of no tillage winter wheat; Compared with conventional tillage，biomass of notillage winter wheat can be about 3% lower, but the underground root is measured 15% higher over the same period. No tillage winter wheat can increase production by 2.2% in dry-spring years, but in rainy-spring years, production drops by 18.37%，and at most by 46.4%; Notillage increases corm production by 2%~18%. Pro-moting the implementation of no tllge also needs to streng hen scientific field management and increase govermment sup-port and advocacy efforts to ensure the stability of no-tillage grain production and sustained implementation. |
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