冯良山,孙占祥,肖继兵,杨宁,白伟.辽西地区微集水不同覆盖方式对玉米生长发育的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(3):118~121
辽西地区微集水不同覆盖方式对玉米生长发育的影响
Effects of micro-catchment with different mulching on maize growth in the western Liaoning Province
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2011.03.22
中文关键词:  微集水  玉米  生长发育  半干旱区
英文关键词:micro-catchment  coverage  growth  maize
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(NC2010FA0015、2006BAD29B06)；国家公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200803028)；“十一五”辽宁省科技攻关项目(2007212001、2008212002)
作者单位
冯良山 Shenyang Agricultural Uniwersity, Shenyang， Liaoning 110161, China
Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Shenyang， Liaoning 110161， China
Liaoning Provincial Engineering Research Center for Rainfed and Water-sawing Farming，Shenyang， Liaoning 110161, China 
孙占祥 Shenyang Agricultural Uniwersity, Shenyang， Liaoning 110161, China
Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Shenyang， Liaoning 110161， China
Liaoning Provincial Engineering Research Center for Rainfed and Water-sawing Farming，Shenyang， Liaoning 110161, China 
肖继兵 Liaoning Provincial Institute of Water and Soil Consenoation, Chaoyang， Liaoning 122000， China 
杨宁 Shenyang Agricultural Uniwersity, Shenyang， Liaoning 110161, China
Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Shenyang， Liaoning 110161， China
Liaoning Provincial Engineering Research Center for Rainfed and Water-sawing Farming，Shenyang， Liaoning 110161, China 
白伟 Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Shenyang， Liaoning 110161， China
Liaoning Provincial Engineering Research Center for Rainfed and Water-sawing Farming，Shenyang， Liaoning 110161, China 
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中文摘要:
      以传统种植模式为对照,研究了垄覆膜沟种植、垄覆膜沟覆膜种植和垄覆膜沟覆秸秆种植三种一元或二元微集水覆盖方式对玉米生长发育的影响。结果表明,农田微集水技术能够提高玉米出苗率2.73.1个百分点,垄覆膜沟覆膜种植和垄覆膜沟种植能够缩短玉米的出苗时间13 d,垄覆膜沟覆秸秆种植会延长玉米出苗时间2 d。相对于传统种植模式,生育前期垄覆膜沟覆膜种植和垄覆膜沟种植能够促进玉米株高和叶面积增长,促进干物质积累,而垄覆膜沟覆秸秆种植生育前期生长缓慢,株高、叶面积和干物质积累量一直处于最低值,生育中后期生长速度加快。垄覆膜沟覆膜种植由于提前生育进程和高温等原因,出现了早熟或早衰迹象,叶面积和叶绿素含量下降迅速,而垄覆膜沟覆秸秆种植则能降低叶面积和叶绿素下降速度,延缓叶片衰老。微集水各种覆盖方式均不同程度的增加玉米产量,尤以垄覆膜沟覆膜种植和垄覆膜沟覆秸秆种植增产幅度最大,分别较对照提高35.38%和30.41%。
英文摘要:
      With traditional cropping pattern as CK，the effects of unary or binary mulching of three micro catchment patterns on maize growth were studied, and these patterns were ridge film mulching+furrow seeding， ridge film mulching+furrow film mulching, and ridge film mulching+furow straw mulching. The results show that these micro- catchment patterns can enhance maize emergence rate by 2.7~3.1 percentage points， and the first two patterns reduce emeryence time by 1~3 d, while the last one extends maize emeryence time by 2 d. Compared to CK，ridge film mulching+furrow film mulching and ridge film mulching+furrow seeding promote significantly the maize plant height and leaf area growth, increasing dry matter accumulation. And, at the initial stages，ridge film mulching+furrow straw mulching slows down maize growth，and plant height，leaf area and dry matter accumulation are at low level， but the maize growth accelerates in the middle and late stages. Ridge film mulching+furrow film mulching makes the growth stages become earlier at higher temperature，there appear signs of premature and earlier aging， and leaf area and the chlorophyll content decrease significantly， but ridge film mulching+furrow straw mulching is just contrary to it. Micro-catchment patterns can increase maize production in varying degrees, especially ridge film mulching+furrow seeding and ridge film mulching+furow straw mulching，which may increase the production by 35.38% and 30.41%. respec-tively caompared with CK.
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