李晓明,王飞,胡林,穆兴民.风速和秸秆覆盖对土壤水分蒸发影响的模拟试验研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(3):186~190
风速和秸秆覆盖对土壤水分蒸发影响的模拟试验研究
Impact of wind-speed and straw-mulching on soil water evaporation
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2011.03.35
中文关键词:  土壤水  蒸发  秸秆覆盖  风速  干旱半干旱区
英文关键词:soil water  evaporation  straw-mulching  wind  arid and semi arid region
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目黄土高原水土流失综合治理工程关键支撑技术研究(2006BAD09B00)； 欧盟框架计划项目(FP6,DE-SIRE,037046)； 西北农林科技大学留学归国人员科研专项
作者单位
李晓明 College of Resources and Environment，Northwest A & F University， Yangling， Shaarnxi 712100， China 
王飞 College of Resources and Environment，Northwest A & F University， Yangling， Shaarnxi 712100， China
Institute of Soil and Water Conseroation， Chinese Academy of Sciences &. Ministry of Water Resources， Yangling， Shaanxi 712100，China 
胡林 College of Resources and Environment，Northwest A & F University， Yangling， Shaarnxi 712100， China 
穆兴民 College of Resources and Environment，Northwest A & F University， Yangling， Shaarnxi 712100， China
Institute of Soil and Water Conseroation， Chinese Academy of Sciences &. Ministry of Water Resources， Yangling， Shaanxi 712100，China 
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中文摘要:
      通过室内模拟试验方法,研究了不同风速(静风、0.5、1.5 m/s)和秸秆覆盖量(0、4 120、8 240 kg/hm2)对土壤水分蒸发的影响。结果表明:(1)土壤水分蒸发受风速和秸秆覆盖的明显影响,当土壤含水量大于田间持水量的70%、覆盖量一定时(0、4 120 kg/hm2)时,风速0 m/s与1.5 m/s之间的土壤日蒸发量差异均显著;而秸秆覆盖量达到8 240 kg/hm2时,风速对土壤蒸发量没有显著影响。当土壤含水量大于田间持水量的55%、不同风速处理时,土壤累积蒸发量随覆盖量的增大而显著减少。(2)土壤水分累积蒸发量(E)与时间(t)之间呈显著的指数关系(E=atb),而且参数a和b与风速和秸秆覆盖量处理存在明显的关系。
英文摘要:
      The impacts of wind-speed and straw-mulching on soil water evaporation were measured and analyzed with 9 treatments of three wind-speeds (calm wind，0.5 or 1.5 m/s) and three straw-mulching levels (0，4 120， or 8 240 kg/ hm2). The results showed that when the water content was 70% of the field moisture capacity and mulching (0, 4 120kg/hm2) was the same， the soil water evaporation with wind-speed 1.5 m/s was significantly higher than other treatments; when the water content was higher than 55% of the field moisture capacity，the cumulative soil water evapo-ration with no mulching and wind-speed 1.5 m/s was far more than that of other treatments. There lies an exponential relationship between the cumulative soil water evaporation (E) and time (t) (E=atb)， and the parameters (a and b) have clear differences among the treatments of wind-speed and straw mulching levels.
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