| 张蓓蓓,刘文兆.黄土塬区施加磷肥对小麦光合性能、水分利用效率及茎流速率的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(4):88~93 |
| 黄土塬区施加磷肥对小麦光合性能、水分利用效率及茎流速率的影响 |
| Responses of photosynthetic characters, water use efficiency and sap flow velocity to phosphorus adding of wheat on the Loess Plateau |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2011.04.16 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 施磷量 光合性能 水分利用效率 茎流 产量 |
| 英文关键词:wheat phosphorus photosynthetic characteristics water use efficiency sap flow yield |
| 基金项目:黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室专项经费(NO 10502-Z10) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过陕西长武黄土塬区的田间试验，对3个磷肥施用水平（0、90、180 kg/hm2,即F0，F1和F2）下小麦的光合性能、瞬时水分利用效率及开花期植株茎流速率的变化进行了研究，分析了不同施磷水平下小麦产量的差异，对叶片蒸腾速率和植株茎流速率做了回归分析。结果显示：不同磷肥处理下叶片净光合速率日变化均为双峰曲线，上午9时各处理差异比较为F2＞F1＞F0，说明施加磷肥可以增大小麦的光合；拔节期叶片蒸腾速率日变化总体趋势与叶片净光合速率相似为双峰曲线，开花期呈单峰曲线，两时期上午9时各处理差
异比较为F2＞F1＞F0，说明施加磷肥促进了小麦的蒸腾；小麦的瞬时水分利用效率开花期大于拔节期，两个时期F1的瞬时水分利用效率都是最高，分别为3.04 μmol CO2/mmol H2
O和3.77 μmol CO2/mmol H2O，表明适当的磷肥施加可以提高小麦的水分利用效率；茎流速率日变化呈现单峰曲线模式，F0、F1和F2单株茎流速率最高时分别为2.796、3.734 g/h和3.873 g/h，随着施肥量的增加茎流量增大；成熟期产量随着施磷量的增大而升高，各处理间差异显著。辐射、大气温度、湿度和风速是影响茎流的主要环境因子；F1和F2处理下叶片蒸腾速率与茎流速率日变化达到显著的相关关系（rF1=0.73*和rF2=0.73*），回归分析得出在F2处理下茎流速率和叶片蒸腾速率的回归方程显著性最好，决定系数达到0.95。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The objective of the research was to understand the gas exchange, instantaneous water use efficiency(WUEi) and sap flow differences under 3 phosphorus fertilizer treatments (F0, F1, and F2) at different growth stages on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Province; and the correlation and regression relationship between leaf transpiration rate (Tr) and sap flow velocity were also investigated. Results showed that: under different treatments, the daily variation curve of leaf photosynthesis rate (Pn) had two peaks and the value of Pn was F2>F1>F0; it was said that the P adding could improve the leaf Pn. The daily variation of leaf Tr was similar to Pn at jointing stage; the daily variation curve of Tr at flowering stage had one peak and F2>F1>F0. The WUEi of wheat at flowering stage was higher than that at jointing stage, and the highest value of the WUEi at both stages was under F1 treatment, and it was 3.04 and 3.77μmol CO2/mmol H2O respectively; it showed that adding P could increase the WUEi. The daily variation of sap flow velocity for different treatments was similar to the result of the Tr at flowering stage, and the highest sap flow velocity in a day was 2.796、3.734 g/h and 3.873 g/h under F0, F1 and F2 respectively; the sap flow was increased by the P adding. At same time, the yield was improved by the fertilizer adding and there was significant treatment differences. Radiation, temperature, humidity and wind speed were the main factors to sap flow. There was a significant positive correlation between sap flow velocity and leaf transpiration rate at F1 and F2 (rF1=0.73*和rF2=0.73*). And there was also significant regression between them; the best regression was under F2 treatment, the value of coefficien
t of determination was 0.95. |
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