| 孙建书,余美.不同灌排模式下土壤盐分动态模拟与评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(4):157~163 |
| 不同灌排模式下土壤盐分动态模拟与评价 |
| Simulation and evaluation of soil salt movement under different irrigation and drainage conditions |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2011.04.29 |
| 中文关键词: 节水灌溉 土壤盐碱化 水盐动态模拟 暗管排水 |
| 英文关键词:water-saving irrigation soil salinization water-salt dynamic simulation pipe drainage |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(40771097)；公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费项目（200903001）；国家科技支撑计划项目课题(2006BAD05B02，2007BAC17B04)；新疆自治区科技攻关项目(200733144-1)；国家“863”计划重点项目课题(2006AA100207) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用HYDRUS-1D模型对不同灌排模式下土壤水盐运移进行一维数值模拟，分析比较了节水灌溉和常规灌溉、暗管排水和无排水对盐碱地的改良效果。结果表明，节水灌溉模式下耕作层含盐量的年内变化规律与常规灌溉相似，在节水14.36%的情况下不会明显降低耕作层的洗盐效率；在连续常规灌溉和节水灌溉条件下耕作层的土壤盐分呈逐年减少的趋势，且两者间的差异不大；没有排水设施或仅有暗管排水的情况下，经灌溉淋洗进入地下水的土壤盐分不能及时排出，最终聚集在根系层底部；暗管排水条件下，土壤剖面盐分聚集带范围较无排水缩小，位置下移，且浓度峰值降低。该研究成果从盐分调控的角度，论证了在宁夏银
北灌区实行节水灌溉的可行性，以及加强水平和竖直排水的必要性，可为节水排水工程的规划和盐碱土的治理提供参考依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| One-dimensional water-salt movement under different conditions of irrigation and drainage was simulated by using HYDRUS-1D model. The effects on the reclamation of saline-alkali soil of conventional irrigation, water-saving irrigation, pipe drainage, and drainless condition were compared and evaluated. The results reveal that the annual salinity variations in plough layer under water-saving irrigation are similar to those under conventional irrigation, and cutting down 14.36 percent of irrigation water may not obviously reduce the salt-leaching efficiency. The salinity in plough layer is reducing year by year under continuous water-saving irrigation or conventional irrigation, and the salinity difference between the two irrigation modes is not significant. Under the pipe drainage and drainless condition, the salt leached from aeration zone into groundwater can not be drained timely and accumulate beneath the root zone eventually. Compared with the drainless condition, the salt accumulation zone in soil profile is narrower and deeper, and the peak salt concentration is smaller under the pipe drainage condition. The research results not only demonstrate the feasibility of carrying out the water-saving irrigation and the necessity of strengthening the horizontal and vertical drainage from the perspective of soil salinity but also provide a reference for the planning of water-saving and drainage engineering a
nd the reclamation of saline-alkali soil in the Yinbei irrigation district of Ningxia. |
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