| 张丽华,李军,贾志宽,刘冰峰,赵洪利,尚金霞.不同保护性耕作对渭北旱塬麦玉轮作田肥力和产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(4):199~207 |
| 不同保护性耕作对渭北旱塬麦玉轮作田肥力和产量的影响 |
| Effects of different conservation tillage measures on soil fertility, WUE and yield in winter wheat-spring maize rotation field of Weibei Highland |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2011.04.37 |
| 中文关键词: 渭北旱塬 保护性耕作 轮作作物 土壤养分 水分利用效率 产量 |
| 英文关键词:Weibei Highland conservation tillage crop rotation soil nutrient water use efficiency yield |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD29B03)；农业公益性行业科研专项经费项目（200803028）；国家自然科学基金项目(30771280、31071374) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2007～2010年在渭北旱塬实施了冬小麦-春玉米轮作模式连续保护性耕作定位试验，研究了秸秆覆盖免耕、秸秆覆盖深松和秸秆还田翻耕等不同保护性耕作方式和平衡施肥、无肥（或低肥）和常规施肥处理组合对土壤养分、WUE和作物产量的影响。结果表明：随着保护性耕作年限延长，0～40 cm土层土壤养分含量显著增加；有机质含量由研究初期的免耕＞深松＞翻耕渐变为深松＞免耕＞翻耕；在平衡施肥的表层土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量为免耕＞深松＞翻耕,常规施肥和低肥（无肥）处理则为深松＞免耕＞翻耕；在各施肥处理下深松处理中层土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量最高；在3 a试验过程中，在各施肥处理下WUE和作物产量均为深松＞翻耕＞免耕，在9种施肥和耕作处理组合中，平衡施肥与深松处理组合WUE和产量最高。因此，在冬小麦与春玉米轮作条件下，三种保护性耕作中，深松处理能显著提高土壤养分、肥料利用效率、WUE和作物产量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A continuous experiment was conducted in Weibei Highland in 2007～2010 to investigate effects of three soil conservation tillage measures, namely no-tillage(NT), sub-soiling(SS) and deep-ploughing(DP), on soil nutrient, water use efficiency (WUE) and crop yields under the rotation mode of winter wheat→spring maize, combined with balance fertilization, traditional fertilization and no (or low) fertilization treatments. The results indicated that, the nutrient of loam increased with the implementation of conservation tillage measures; the sequence of the soil organic matter content changed from NT＞SS＞DP at the beginning of the experiment gradually into SS＞NT＞DP; and the content of alkali-hydro nitrogen, available P content and available K in surface soil under balanced fertilization condition was in order of NT＞SS＞DP, and that under conventional fertilization condition and low (no) fertilization condition was SS＞NT＞DP, while that in SS treatment under both balanced fertilization and conventional fertilization conditions was the highest one of three different tillage treatments in middle of soil; the WUE and crop yields of rotation field were in order of SS＞DP＞NT in the same fertilization treatment, and that under BSS (balanced fertilization and sub-soiling) treatment combination was the highest one of 9 treatments, BDP(balanced fertilization and deep ploughing) treatment combination was in the second place. No matter combination with any fertilization treatment of the rotation mode of winter wheat-spring maize, sub-soiling tillage improved the soil nutrient, fertilizer use efficiency, WUE and crop yield significantly. |
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