徐海,王益权,王浩,徐爽,王永健,李鹏.氮肥施用对石灰性土壤交换性钙含量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(5):174~177
氮肥施用对石灰性土壤交换性钙含量的影响
Study on impact of nitrogen supply on exchangeable calcium content of calcareous soil
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2011.05.31
中文关键词:  石灰性土壤  氮肥  交换性钙  钙饱和度
英文关键词:calcareous soil  nitrogen  exchangeable calcium  degree of calcium saturation
基金项目:陕西省农业厅项目“陕西关中冬小麦/夏玉米轮作超高产技术体系研究”(413020211203533)
作者单位
徐海 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
王益权 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
王浩 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
徐爽 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
王永健 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
李鹏 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
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中文摘要:
      为了揭示长期土壤化学物质投入量的不断增加给土壤造成的“亚健康”现象，更新石灰性土壤不会产生钙亏缺的传统理念，本试验研究了施用NH4Cl、(NH4)2SO4、NH4NO3和尿素4种常用氮肥对石灰性土壤表层交换性钙含量的影响。结果表明：石灰性土壤经NH4Cl、1/2(NH4)2SO4、NH4NO3三种同体积不同浓度铵态氮溶液的淋洗后，土壤中的交换性钙含量均呈现不同程度的下降，其中等当量铵的(NH4)2SO4溶液比NH4Cl和NH4NO3溶液影响相对较大，影响程度依次为：NH4NO3＜NH4Cl＜(NH4)2SO4；尿素施入土样培养7 d期间，土壤交换性钙与时间呈显著负相关，7 d之后，土壤交换性钙趋于平稳。研究结论：大量长期施用化学氮肥使石灰性土壤表层交换性钙含量逐渐降低，脱钙作用使得土壤钙饱和度可以下降到50%以下，使得土壤呈现“亚健康”状态。
英文摘要:
      To reveal “sub-healthy” phenomenon, which brought with continually increasing of chemicals using into soil, and to renew the traditional concept that calcareous soil would not appear the phenomenon of calcium lack, an experiment was cond ucted to analyse the impact of NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3 and urea treatment on exchangeable calcium content of calcareous soil. The result indicated: soil exchangeable calcium content presented various degree of decline after calcareous soil was drip washed by same volume and different concentration NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3 solutions, and the impact of the same equivalent NH +4,(NH4)2SO4 solution on soil exchangeable calcium was relatively larger than that of NH4Cl solution and NH4NO3 solution, the degree of relation was: NH4NO3＜NH4Cl＜(NH4)2SO4; when urea was executed into soil sample to cultivate, the soil exchangeable calcium content assumed remarkable invers e correlation with time within 7 days, but it tended to be steady after that. The research conclusion: the massive and long-term chemistry nitrogenous fertilizer employment caused the exchangeable calcium content in surface layer calcareous soil to reduce gradually, there was weak-decalcification phenomenon, and all degree of calcium saturation dropped to 50% or less, and the soil presented “sub-healthy” condition.
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