赵红岩,张旭东,王有恒,张强,马鹏里,姚辉,孙兰东,瞿汶,毛玉琴,杨小利.陇东黄土高原气候变化及其对水资源的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(6):262~268
陇东黄土高原气候变化及其对水资源的影响
Climate change and their impact on water resources in the Loess Plateau of east Gansu
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2011.06.47
中文关键词:  气候变化  水资源  对策建议  陇东
英文关键词:climatic change  water resources  countermeasure  east Gansu
基金项目:中国气象局气候变化专项“西北区域气候变化影响评估报告”
作者单位
赵红岩 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点试验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020
西北区域气候中心,甘肃 兰州 730020 
张旭东 西北区域气候中心,甘肃 兰州 730020 
王有恒 西北区域气候中心,甘肃 兰州 730020 
张强 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点试验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020 
马鹏里 西北区域气候中心,甘肃 兰州 730020 
姚辉 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点试验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020 
孙兰东 西北区域气候中心,甘肃 兰州 730020 
瞿汶 西北区域气候中心,甘肃 兰州 730020 
毛玉琴 庆阳市气象局,甘肃 庆阳 745000 
杨小利 平凉市气象局,甘肃 平凉 744000 
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中文摘要:
      选取甘肃陇东8个气象观测站的月平均气温、月降水量和月蒸发量及水文资料,分析陇东气候变化历史演变趋势及其对水资源的影响。结果指出:1971~2009年陇东年降水量总的变化呈减少趋势,平均每10 a减少9.3 mm,尤以近20 a减少最为明显;年平均气温总的变化呈上升趋势,气温每10 a升高0.41℃。年蒸发量总体呈增加趋势,平均每10 a增加9.3 mm。分析的结果还指出:年降水量500 mm等值线和年蒸发量1 550 mm等值线南移,半干旱区面积增大。陇东整体暖干化导致董志塬地下水水位下降了30 m;使水资源分布不均匀,地表水利用率低;每年水蚀表土0.2~1.0 m3,严重的达2 cm以上。所以应正确评估陇东水资源的脆弱性和干旱灾害程度,提出科学的抗旱对策。
英文摘要:
      On the basis of the daily average temperature, monthly precipitation，monthly evaporation and the hydro-logical data from 8 weather stations in east Gansu, the trend of historical evolution of climate change and its impact on water resources were analyzed. The results showed that the annual precipitation in the area demonstrated a decreasing trend from 1971~2009, and the decreasing slope was 9.3 mm/ 10a, which was more severe in recent 20 years. The an-nual average temperature showed an increasing trend, and the increasing slope was 0.41/ 10a. The annual evaporation showed an increasing trend, and the increasing slope is 9.3 mm/ 10a. The contour with 500 mm annual precipitation and the contour with 1 550 mm annual evaporation both move towards south. The area of semi arid increased obviously. The groundwater level of Dongzhiyuan fell 30 meters and the water resources distributed unevenly ，which were mainly caused by warmn dry climate tendency. The utilization rate of the source water was low. The soil of water erosion decreased by 0.2~1.0 m3 every year or even up to 2 cm in some area. So in order to deal with the challenge of the climatic change, the vulnerability of water resources and the extent of the arid meteorological disaster should be evaluated correctly， and some scientific countermeasures for drought should be proposed.
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