| 高佳佳,雷金繁,陈竹君,周建斌.施肥对新建日光温室番茄产量及土壤养分含量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(1):19~24 |
| 施肥对新建日光温室番茄产量及土壤养分含量的影响 |
| Effects of fertilization on the yield of tomato and soil nutrient contents in newly-built sunlight greenhouse |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2012.01.04 |
| 中文关键词: 新建日光温室 施肥处理 番茄产量 土壤养分 |
| 英文关键词:newly-built greenhouse fertilizer treatment tomato yield soil nutrient |
| 基金项目:陕西现代农业产业技术体系（蔬菜）项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在陕西杨凌选择3个新建大棚，采用田间试验方法研究了不同施肥处理（常规施肥、配方施肥1和配方施肥2）对番茄产量，及番茄种植前和收获后
土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮、有效磷、速效钾和电导率等基本性质的影响。与农户常规施肥相比，配方施肥1和2处理氮、磷及钾肥用量分别减少9%～40%、26%～46%和18%～47%时，番茄产量并未显著变化，说明常规施肥处理存在肥料过量施用问题；与种植前相比，种植一季番茄后耕层（0～20 cm）土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷及速效钾含量均有不同程度增加，其中有机质和有效磷含量均达显著水平，增加幅度分别为25%和460%；0～100 cm土层电导率也有不同程度的增加；0～100 cm土层矿质氮含量显著增加，平均增加幅度为182%；0～200 cm土层硝态氮累积量平均达727 kg/hm2。新建日光温室存在过量施肥现象，由此带来的硝态氮及有效磷在土壤中的大量累积问题值得关注。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A research was carried out to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on the yields of tomato and soil physical and chemical properties in newly-built greenhouse over a season of tomato crop. Three field experiments were conducted in three differently newly-built greenhouse in Yangling, Shaanxi Province to evaluate the effects of different fertilizer treatments (CF, FF1 and FF2) on the yield of tomato and the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, mineral nitrogen, available phosphorus, available
potassium and electrical conductivity before planting and after harvesting. The results indicated that in comparison with the conventional fertilization treatment, the yields of tomato of formula fertilization treatments did not decrease significantly when the rates of N, P, and K fertilizer applied were decreased by 9%～40%, 26%～46% and 18%～47%, respectively, indicating the over-application of chemical fertilizer for conventional fertilization treatment. Compared to the results before planting, the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in soil increased after one growing season; and significant increase was observed for organic matter and available phosphorus (by 25% and 460%, respectively). The electrical conductivity in the 0～100 cm soil layer also increased to some degree. The mineral nitrogen content in the 0～100 cm soil layer significantly increased by 182% on average. Nitrate-N accumulation in the 0～200 cm soil layer reached up to 727 kg/hm2 on average. It is concluded that the over-application of chemical fertilizer in newly-built greenhouse and the accumulation of nitrate and available phosphorus its in soil deserve more attentions. |
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