申孝军,张寄阳,刘祖贵,李明思,杨贵森,孙景生.膜下滴灌条件下不同水分处理对棉花产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(2):118~124
膜下滴灌条件下不同水分处理对棉花产量和水分利用效率的影响
Effects of different water treatments on yield and water use efficiency of cotton with drip irrigation under film mulch
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2012.02.21
中文关键词:  膜下滴灌  水分处理  水分利用效率
英文关键词:drip irrigation under film mulch  water treatment  water use efficiency
基金项目:现代农业棉花产业技术体系建设专项资金资助（CARS-18-19）；作物需水信息采集与智能控制灌溉技术(2011AA100509)
作者单位
申孝军 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所农业部作物需水与调控重点实验室，河南 新乡 453003 
张寄阳 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所农业部作物需水与调控重点实验室，河南 新乡 453003 
刘祖贵 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所农业部作物需水与调控重点实验室，河南 新乡 453003 
李明思 石河子大学水建学院，新疆 石河子 832000 
杨贵森 兵团水利局灌溉中心试验站， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 832002 
孙景生 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所农业部作物需水与调控重点实验室，河南 新乡 453003 
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中文摘要:
      为探索新疆膜下滴灌棉田方便快捷的高效灌水模式，分别于2007年和2009年在乌鲁木齐采用大田小区试验，通过自制蒸发皿水面蒸发量控制灌水，研究了膜下滴灌条件下棉花生长和籽 棉产量以及水分利用效率对不同水分处理的响应；两个生长季的试验结果表明，与全生育期充分灌水处理相比，蕾期和花铃期持续亏水处理均对棉花生长、产量和耗水过程产生不同程 度的负面影响，但适时适度的水分亏缺对棉花籽棉产量的影响不明显，而且可节约22.78%～24.88%的灌水量，灌溉水利用效率提高了27.94%～34.85%。蕾期轻度亏水（灌水定额为70%水面蒸发量）、花铃后期重度亏水（灌水定额为50%水面蒸发量）、花铃前期充分供水（灌水定额为100%水面蒸发量）的调亏灌溉模式是一种方便快捷的优质高效灌溉模式，可作为膜下滴灌条件下新疆棉花生产的一种适宜灌水模式。
英文摘要:
      In order to explore convenient and efficient irrigation pattern of cotton with drip irrigation under the condition of film mulch, field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different water treatments on the growth and seed cotton yield of cotton in Xinjiang in 2007 and 2009. The results of tests in two growth seasons showed that negative effects of continuous water deficit treatment on seed cotton yield and water consumption process was found at the bud and boll stages compared to the sufficient irrigation treatment during the whole growth period of cotton with drip irrigation under mulch; but the seed cot ton yield and water use efficiency were improved respectively by -1.20%～1.69% and 27.94%～34.85% under timely and moderate water deficit treatment, and 22.78%～24.88% of irrigation water was saved. It suggests that the irrigation approach of Regulated Deficit Irrigation (moderate water deficit during bud emergence (70% water surface evaporation was irrigated), severe water deficit during boll stage (50% water surface evaporation was irrigated ), and sufficient water supply during flowering stage (100% water surface evaporation was irrigated )) is suitable and practical on cotton with drip irrigation under film mulch in Xinjiang.
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