彭维英,殷淑燕,鲍小娟,李美荣,王海燕.气候变化对县域棉花物候期影响——以陕西大荔为例[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(2):154~161
气候变化对县域棉花物候期影响——以陕西大荔为例
Impacts of climate change on cotton phenophase of a county—— Take Dali in Shaanxi Province for example
  
DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2012.02.27
中文关键词:  棉花  物候期  生长期  气候变化  陕西大荔
英文关键词:cotton  phenophase  growth period  climate change  Dali County in Shaanxi Province
基金项目:国家社会科学基金重点项目(11AZS009);国家自然科学基金重点项目(41030637);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目 (GK201002015)
作者单位
彭维英 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院 陕西 西安 710062 
殷淑燕 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院 陕西 西安 710062 
鲍小娟 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院 陕西 西安 710062 
李美荣 陕西省经济作物气象服务台 陕西 西安 710014 
王海燕 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院 陕西 西安 710062 西安交通大学附属中学 陕西 西安 710048 
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中文摘要:
      利用陕西主要棉区大荔县1960—2009年气温、降水、日照等气候资料和陕西经济作物气象服务台2001—2009年棉花物候期观测资料,运用线性趋势、Mann-Kendall趋势检验等方法分析大荔县气候变化和棉花物候变化趋势,并分析了气候变化对棉花物候期产生的影响。结果表明:近50年来陕西大荔平均气温以0.16℃/10a的速率呈显著上升,年平均降水量略呈减少趋势,日照时数呈增加趋势,年极低气温和极高气温变化趋势不同步,年极高气温呈下降趋势,而年极低气温略呈上升趋势。气候变化趋势有利于大荔县开展棉花种植。气温和日照时数是影响棉花物候期的主要气候因子,近10年气候向暖干化、日照时数增加的方向发展,使得棉花物候期从出苗期到收获期均有所提前,但各发育期提前程度不同,出苗期和收获期提前最为显著,同时生长期延长,利于提高棉花品质。
英文摘要:
      According to meteorological information in recent 50 years and cotton phenological data in last 10 years in the main cotton producing area of Dali County in Shaanxi Province, the methods of linear trend and Man n-Kendall inspection were used to analyze the trend of climate and cotton phenological change and the impacts of climate change on cotton phenophase. The results revealed that, in recent 50 years, the average temperature increased considerably , while precipitation decreased slightly, sunlight hours increased, and the trends of extremely low and high temperature were not in synchronization, extremely high temperature dropped, while extremely low temperature rose slightly. Temperature and sunlight hours were the main weather factors to cotton phenophase. The climate turned warming and drying, and sunlight hours increased in last 10 years, which made cotton phonological phase (from seedling period to harvest period) partly advance with different levels, and the seedling period and harvest pe riod showed the most significant advance, which resulted in the extension of cotton growth period and was conducive to improving the quality of cotton.
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