固体活性有机肥对河西内陆灌区玉米田理化性质和经济效益的影响

秦嘉海; 王爱勤; 闫治斌; 肖占文; 赵芸晨; 张红菊; 张春梅; 程红玉; 帖丹丹

秦嘉海,王爱勤,闫治斌,肖占文,赵芸晨,张红菊,张春梅,程红玉,帖丹丹.固体活性有机肥对河西内陆灌区玉米田理化性质和经济效益的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(3):130~135

固体活性有机肥对河西内陆灌区玉米田理化性质和经济效益的影响

Effect of solid active organic fertilizers on physicochemical properties and economic benefits of corn field in Hexi inland irrigation district

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2012.03.23

中文关键词: 固体活性有机肥玉米制种田理化性质玉米经济效益

英文关键词:solid active organic fertilizer corn field physicochemical properties corn economic benefits

基金项目:国家科技部项目“西北百万亩玉米制种产业化关键技术研究与示范推广”（NC2010BA0124）,甘肃科技支甘项目“甘肃河西灌区制作玉米多功能专用肥产品合成与示范”（1011JKCF180）;甘肃省高校河西走廊特色资源利用省级重点实验室项目“制作玉米环保型多功能专用肥产品合成”（XZ1002）;甘肃省高等学校2010年研究生导师科研项目“河西走廊制种玉米多功能专用肥产品开发与示范”（1009B-05）

作者	单位
秦嘉海	河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖 734000
王爱勤	中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,甘肃兰州 731000
闫治斌	甘肃敦煌种业股份有限公司,甘肃酒泉,735000
肖占文	河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖 734000
赵芸晨	河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖 734000
张红菊	河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖 734000
张春梅	河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖 734000
程红玉	河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖 734000
帖丹丹	河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖 734000

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中文摘要:

在甘肃河西内陆灌区连作8a的玉米制种田上,采用田同试验方法,研究了固体活性有机肥施用量与玉米制种田理化性质和玉米经济性状及效益的关系.结果表明:固体活性有机肥最佳组合是:糠醛渣45 t/hm²、牛粪67.50 t/hm²、生物菌肥0.06 t/hm²、聚乙烯醇0.03 t/hm²,保水剂0.06 t/hm²；固体活性有机肥施用量与玉米制种田孔隙度、团粒结构、蓄水量、有机质、速效氮磷钾、EC呈正相关,与容重、pH呈负相关；随着固体活性有机肥施用量的增加,制种玉米产量在增加,但单位质量固体活性有机肥的增产量则随着固体活性有机肥施肥量的增加而递减,出现报酬递减律；固体活性有机肥施用量在112 t/hm²的基础上,再增加28.00 t/hm²,边际利润出现负值；经回归统计分析,固体活性有机肥最佳施用量为111.40 t/hm²时,制种玉米的理论产量为7.28 t/hm²。

英文摘要:

An experiment was conducted in the field with eight-year continious corn planting in Xexi inland irriga-tion district of Gansu to study the relationship between the amount solid active organic fertilizer and physieoehemical prop-erties of corn field and economic benefits of corn production. The results show that: the best combination of solid active organic fertilizer is furfural residue:45 t/hm², cow dung:67.50 t/hm², bio-fertilizer:0.06 t/hm², polyvinyl alcohol:0.03 t/hm², water retention agent:0.06 t/hm²; The amount solid active organic fertilizer was positively correlated with soil porosity, aggregate structure, water storage, content of organic matter, available phosphorus and potassium and EC, while it was negatively correlated with soil bulk density and pH; With the increase of solid active organic fertilizer,the corn yield increases, but the increasing amount resulting from per unit(1 kg) solid active organic fertilizer, declines along with the increase of the fertilizer, presenting the law of diminishing returns; On the basis of the amount of 112 t/hm² solid active organie fertilizer, additional 28.00 t/hm² fertilizer brings about negative profit margin; Through regression analysis, it is found that the best applieation rate of solid active organic fertilizer is 111.40 t/hm², when the theoretical corn yield is 7.28 t/hm².

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