| 李婧,张达斌,王峥,姚鹏伟,赵娜,曹群虎,鱼昌为,曹卫东,高亚军.施肥和绿肥翻压方式对旱地冬小麦生长及土壤水分利用的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(3):136~142 |
| 施肥和绿肥翻压方式对旱地冬小麦生长及土壤水分利用的影响 |
| Effcct of fertilizer and green manure incorporation methods on the growth and water use efficiency of winter wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2012.03.24 |
| 中文关键词: 豆科绿肥 绿肥翻压方式 冬小麦 土壤贮水量 旱地 |
| 英文关键词:leguminous green manure incorporation methods of green manure special fertilizer for leguminous green manute crops winter wheat soil water storage dryland |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103005);国家小麦现代产业技术体系建设专项经费资助；教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”项目（NCET-08-0465）;西北农林科技大学“创新团队建设计划”；西北农林科技大学2007“青年学术骨干支持计划”项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过田间试验研究渭北旱原不同施肥处理(不施肥；40 kg P2O5/hm2;豆科绿肥专用肥30 kg/hm2)对夏闲期豆科绿肥生长和后茬小麦生长的效果,探讨了夏季豆科绿肥翻压方式(提前翻压、提前覆盖,播前翻压和不种绿肥即夏季体闲)对后茬冬小麦产量及水分利用的影响。研究表明:与不施肥处理相比,豆科绿肥专用肥显著提高绿肥盛花期地上部生物量,但对根系生长没有明显作用；施用磷肥则更有利于绿肥根系生物量的提高；施用绿肥专用肥和磷肥处理的后茬小麦产量较高,特别是绿肥提前翻压时。绿肥提前翻压时冬小麦分蘖数较高、春季总茎数较高、单位面积穗数较高,产量显著高于绿肥提前覆盖、播前翻压和不种绿肥处理,水分生产效率显著高于不种绿肥处理。从绿肥翻压、小麦播前直至小麦拔节期,绿肥翻压方式的3个处理土壤0～200 cm剖面水分含量与休闲处理始终有明显差异。提前翻压处理与提前覆盖、播前翻压处理的差异主要在40 cm以上土层。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different fertilizer on green manure biomass in summer fallow period and the growth of next winter wheat. The fertilizer treatments ineluded CK(no fertilizer), P(phos-phate fertilizer, 40 kg P2O5/hm2)and SF(special fertilizer for leguminous green manure crops, 30 kg/hm2). The Ef-fects of different methods of green manure incorporation on winter wheat yield and water production efficiency were also investigated. Green manure incorporation treatments included early incorporation (green manure was incorporated into soil half month before wheat sowing), early mulching(green manure crop was cut and left on the soil surface half month be-fore wheat sowing, then incorporated into soil before wheat sowing), late incorporation(green manure
was incorporated into soil before wheat sowing)and summer fallow(no green manure). The results showed that SF had significant higher aboveground biomass of green manure while SF had no effect on root biomass of green manure crop, compared with CK. P could increase root biomass of green manure crop. SF and P treatments obtained greater wheat yield, especially when green manure was incorporated into soil half month before wheat sowing. Early incorporation treatment had greater winter wheat tiller number, total shoot number, spike number and significantly higher wheat yield, compared with other treat-
ments. Early incorporation treatment also increased water use efficieney of wheat compared with summer fallow. Soil wa-ter content differences through 0~200 cmn profile between summer fallow and other three treatments were found from the date of green manure incorporation half month before wheat sowing to wheat jointing stage.There was obvious difference of soil water content above 40 cm depth among early incorporation,
early mulch and late incorporation treatments. |
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