蒋菊芳,魏育国,王润元,王鹤龄.祁连山高海拔雨养农业区油菜、小麦光合特性比较研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(4):120~124
祁连山高海拔雨养农业区油菜、小麦光合特性比较研究
Comparative study on the photosynthetic characteristics of rape and wheat in rain-fed agricultural region with high altitude in Qilian
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2012.04.21
中文关键词:  光合特性  油菜  小麦  祁连山高海拔雨养农业区
英文关键词:photosynthetic characteristics  rape  wheat  rain-fed agricultural region with high altitude in Qilian
基金项目:国家科技部气象行业专项“农田水分利用效率对气候变化的响应与适应技术”（GYHY201106029）；国家科技部气象行业专项“西北旱作农业对气候变暖的响应特征及其预警和应对技术研究”（GY-HY200806021）
作者单位
蒋菊芳 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室 中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾开放实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730020； 甘肃省武威市气象局农业气象试验站， 甘肃 武威 733000 
魏育国 甘肃省武威市气象局农业气象试验站， 甘肃 武威 733000 
王润元 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室 中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾开放实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730020 
王鹤龄 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室 中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾开放实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730020 
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中文摘要:
      在作物生长旺盛期，采用LI-6400便携式光合仪测定了祁连山高海拔雨养农业区环境因子和油菜、小麦叶片光合生理指标，比较了油菜、小麦及低海拔地区作物光合参数的差异性。结果表明：光合有效辐射和空气温度均呈单峰型日变化曲线，而空气湿度呈“S”型日变化曲线,大气CO2浓度为早晚较低,下午高。油菜和小麦的叶片净光合速率日变化均呈双峰型曲线，存在“午休”现象，且上午光合速率高于下午。油菜的蒸腾速率日变化呈双峰型曲线，小麦的蒸腾速率却呈单峰型曲线。气孔导度日变化大体呈“S”型曲线。光合有效辐射是影响叶片净光合速率和蒸腾速率的主要环境因子之一，空气湿度是气孔导度的主要影响因子。大气CO2浓度与小麦叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度呈显著正相关关系。
英文摘要:
      The environmental factors, rape and wheat's photosynthetic parameters were measured by LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system in crop vigorous growing period. The difference of photosynthesis was compared between rape and wheat plants in the low altitude region. The results showed that the diurnal change of photosynthetic active radiation and temperature presented a signal pattern. The air humidity presented an “S” pattern. The CO2 concentration in air presented low in the morning and night, but high in the afternoon. The diurnal change of rape and wheat leaves' net photosynthetic rate presented a bimodal pattern, and had a depression at midday, and the net photosynthetic rate was also higher in the morning than that in the afternoon. The rape's transpiration rate presented a bimodal pattern. But wheat's transpiration rate presented a signal pattern. The stomatal conductance presented an “S” pattern in all. The net photosynthetic rate was a main environmental factor which affected net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate. Air humidity was a main affecting factor of stomatal conductance. There was a marked positive correlation between CO2 concentration in air and wheat leaves' net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance.
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