杜红霞,冯浩,吴普特,王百群.水、氮调控对夏玉米根系特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(1):89~94
水、氮调控对夏玉米根系特性的影响
Influence of water and N fertilizer regulation on root growth characteristics of summer maize
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2013.01.17
中文关键词:  水  氮  根系  夏玉米  相关性
英文关键词:water  N  root  summer maize  correlation
基金项目:西安建筑科技大学人才科技基金（RC1009）；十一五 “863”计划重点项目课题（2006AA100204）
作者单位
杜红霞 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院， 陕西 西安 710055 
冯浩 国家节水灌溉杨凌工程技术中心， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
吴普特 国家节水灌溉杨凌工程技术中心， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
王百群 中国科学院水利部水 土保持研究所， 陕西 杨凌 712100 
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中文摘要:
      采用土柱模拟试验研究了水、氮调控措施对夏玉米根系生长状况及其与籽粒产量之间的关系。结果表明：水分对根系干重、根系活力、根系表面 积的影响较氮肥大；根系干重随土层深度增加而减小，0～10 cm土层尤为明显；0～20 cm根 系密度较高，根系密度随土层深度增加先减小后上升；根干重和根系密度随施氮量增加而降 低，根冠比基本呈减小趋势；氮肥能提高玉米根系活力。根干重、根系密度、根表面积和根 系活力与籽粒产量和玉米地上部分干物质量均呈极显著相关关系；根冠比只与地上部分相关 ；根表面积和根系活力之间呈极显著相关关系；根系活力和根系吸氮能力对玉米生长和籽粒 的形成有很重要的作用，存在显著正相关性。
英文摘要:
      Soil column simulated experiment was carried out t o study the influence of different adjustment measures of water and nitrogen on root growth characteristics of summer maize, and the correlation between root pa rameters and grain yield, The results showed that water affected more significan tly dry weight, activity and surface area of root than N fertilizer. The dry wei ght of root decreased with the increase of soil depth, especially in 0～10 cm so il layer. The root length density was large in 0～20 cm soil layer, and it first ly increased and then decreased with the increase of soil depth. With the increa sing of N application rate, the root dry weight and root length density decrease d, while the ratio of root to shoot tended to decrease. N fertilizer could impro ve the root activity of maize. According to the correlation analysis, the root d ry weight, root length density, root surface area and root activity were correla ted very significantly with the grain yield and the dry matter mass above the gr ound; the ratio of root to shoot was correlated only with the dry matter mass ab ove the ground; the root surface area was correlated very significantly with the root activity; the root activity and nitrogen absorption ability played an impo rtant role in the growth and grain formation of maize, and there was a significa nt correlation between them.
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