| 张蕊,耿桂俊,于健,白岗栓.聚丙烯酰胺施用方式对土壤水热及春小麦生产的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(1):140~145 |
| 聚丙烯酰胺施用方式对土壤水热及春小麦生产的影响 |
| Effects of PAM with different application methods on soil moisture, soil temperature and production of spring wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2013.01.26 |
| 中文关键词: 聚丙烯酰胺 施用方式 土壤水分 土壤温度 春小麦 |
| 英文关键词:polyacrylamide (PAM) application methods soil moisture soil temper
ature spring wheat |
| 基金项目:水利部科技推广计划项目“保水剂技术的推广应用”（TG1144）；国家“十二五”科技攻关
项目“内蒙古河套灌区粮油作物节水技术集成与示范”（2011BAD29B03）；国家“十二五”
科技攻关项目“黄土丘陵沟壑区水土保持与高效农业关键技术集成与示范”（2011BAD31B05
） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了寻找聚丙烯酰胺在春小麦生产中的最佳施用方式，2010年在河套灌区，采用田间试验，
以不施用聚丙烯酰胺为对照，开展了沟施、混施、撒施聚丙烯酰胺对土壤水分、土壤温度和
春小麦生长状况的影响研究。结果表明：不同施用方式均提高了土壤水分含量，特别是在缺
乏灌溉的开花期具有显著作用，其中撒施效果较强，沟施、混施较弱；不同施用方式降低了
土壤最高温度，提高了最低温度，缩小了日温差，降低了日均温，其中撒施对地表温度影响
较大，沟施对10 cm土层土壤温度影响较大；沟施、混施、撒施均提高了春小麦的总生物量
及根系生物量，促进了根系向深层土壤分布，分别较对照增产9.11%、3.94%和28.82%；不同
施用方式提高了水分利用效率、水分产出率和灌溉水分产出率，其中撒施效果较强，沟施较
弱。在河套灌区，春小麦播种时施用聚丙烯酰胺，撒施应是最适宜的方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to probe the best application method of polyacrylamide (PAM)
in spring wheat production, a field
experiment was carried out in Hetao irrigation district in Inner Mongolia in 201
0, to investigate the effects of PAM being
applied with three methods of furrowing, mixing and broadcasting on the soil moi
sture, soil temperature and growth of spring
wheat, with no PAM as control. The results indicated that all application method
s of PAM increased the soil moisture content,
which was especially remarkable during florescence when the irrigation was absen
t, and the effect of broadcasting was
stronger than that of furrowing and mixing. All application methods of PAM reduc
ed the maximum temperature, increased
the minimum temperature, decreased the diurnal temperature difference, and reduc
ed the daily mean temperature of soil,
among which broadcasting mainly affected the earth’s surface temperature, while
furrowing mainly affected the soil
temperature at 10 cm depth. The PAM treatments increased both the root biomass a
nd total biomass, and promoted the
distribution of crop roots in deep soil. Compared with the control, the yields o
f furrowing, mixing and broadcasting
application were increased by 9.11%, 3.94% and 28.82%, respectively. All the PAM
treatments improved the water use
efficiency, water production rate and irrigation production rate, in which the e
ffect of broadcasting was the largest, and that
of furrowing was the lowest. In Hetao irrigation district, it is the optimum met
hod to apply PAM at the sowing stage of spring
wheat by broadcasting. |
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