滴灌棉田不同盐分土壤水分变化规律及其利用效率研究

李冬冬; 王海江; 吕新

李冬冬,王海江,吕新.滴灌棉田不同盐分土壤水分变化规律及其利用效率研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(3):90~94

滴灌棉田不同盐分土壤水分变化规律及其利用效率研究

Variation and use efficiency of soil moisture under different salt content in cotton field with drip irrigation

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2013.03.14

英文关键词:cotton drip irrigation soil moisture soil salinity dry material daily evapotranspiration amount water use efficiency

基金项目:兵团青年科技创新资金专项(2012CB012)；石河子大学校级课题(ZRKXYB-06，ZRKX2009D02-3)

作者	单位
李冬冬	新疆石河子大学农学院资源与环境系，新疆石河子 832003
王海江	新疆石河子大学农学院资源与环境系，新疆石河子 832003
吕新	新疆石河子大学农学院，新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室，新疆石河子 832003

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中文摘要:

通过研究滴灌条件下不同盐分含量土壤含水率、日蒸散量和棉花干物质积累量的变化规律，以及棉花的干物质水分利用效率，探讨滴灌棉花的水盐互作效应。设置窒内模拟试验，采用称质量法获得棉花蒸散量和干物质积累量，分析不同土壤盐分含量〔O(CK)、0.15%、0.25%、0.35%,0.45%、0.55%、0.65%〕条件下，棉花日蒸散量、干物质积累量以及土壤水分含量变化规律，计算棉花干物质水分利用效率。结果表明：随着棉花生育期的推进，不同盐分含量土壤的水分含量变化和日平均蒸散量均呈现先增大后减小的趋势，蕾铃期土壤日平均蒸散量达到最大；棉花的干物质积累量和生育期耗水量随土壤盐分含量的增大呈减小的趋势。棉花的干物质水分利用效率在T4处理达到最大，与CK、T1、T2、T5处理差异并不显著，说明土壤中适量的含盐量在一定程度上可以有效提高水分利用效率。

英文摘要:

In order to investigate water-salt interaction effect in drip irrigation cotton,soil moisture content,daily evapotranspiration amount, alternation pattern of cotton dry material accumulation, and water use efficiency of cotton dry material were studied in the soils of different salt content under drip irrigation. An indoor simulation experiment was designed and performed to obtain cotton evapotranspiration and dry material aecumulation level by weighing method. The alternation pattern of cotton daily evapotranspiration level,dry material accumulation amount, and soil moisture content in soils of different salt content(0(control)、0.15%、0.25%、0.35%.0.45%、0.55%、0.65%)were analyzed as well as the cotton dry material water use efficieney. Along with advancement of cotton growth period, variation of soil moisture content and daily average evapotranspiration level of different salt content were first increased and then decreased; Soil daily average evapotranspiration reached the maximum level at cotton buds-bolls period; Cotton dry material accumulation and water consumption amount decreased with inerease of soil salinity content. T5 treatment had highest cotton dry material water use efficiency. However, it did not show signifieant differenee compared with CK, T1, T2 and T5, which indicates that moderate amount of salt content in soil can effectively improve water use efficiency at certain extent.

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